Study on tempering behaviour of AISI 410 stainless steel

Chakraborty, Goutam; Das, C. R.; Albert, Shaju K.; Bhaduri, A.K.; Paul, V. Thomas; Panneerselvam, G.; Dasgupta, Arup

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2014.12.015

Cited by 74 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Studies in the literature 1,5,14,[23][24][25][26] report the formation of delta ferrite phase (δ) and chromium carbides at the martensitic grain boundaries in hot forming processes, possibly associated with sensitization or intergranular corrosion, even though martensite is not an equilibrium phase formed at high cooling rates, particularly due to the chemical composition of thermally activated C and Cr (Figure 11). These results are in agreement with the EDS microanalysis, which indicated the homogeneity of the chemical composition of the as received material.…”

Section: Influence Of Microstructure On the Thermomechanical Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Softening Mechanisms of the AISI 410 Martensitic Stainless Steel Under Hot Torsion Simulation

et al. 2017

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This study investigated the softening mechanisms of the AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel during torsion simulation under isothermal continuous in the temperature range of 900 to 1150 °C and strain rates of 0.1 to 5.0s -1 . In the first part of the curves, before the peak, the results show that the critical (ε c ) and peak (ε p ) strains are elevated for higher strain rate and lower temperatures contributing for higher strain hardening rate (h). Moreover, this indicated that dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and dynamic recovery (DRV) are not effective in this region. After the peak, the reductions in stresses are associated to the different DRX/DRV competitions. For lower temperatures and higher strain rates there is a delay in the DRX while the DRV is acting predominantly (with low Avrami exponent (n) and high t 0.5 ). The steady state was reached after large strains showing DRX grains, formation of retained austenite and the presence of chromium carbide (Cr 23 C 6 ) and ferrite δ at the martensitic grain boundaries. These contribute for impairing the toughness and ductility on the material. The constitutive equations at the peak strain indicated changes in the deformation mechanism, with variable strain rate sensitivity (m), which affected the final microstructure.

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Section: Influence Of Microstructure On the Thermomechanical Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Softening Mechanisms of the AISI 410 Martensitic Stainless Steel Under Hot Torsion Simulation

et al. 2017

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“…It is known in literature [20,42] that Fe-rich M 23 C 6 , e carbides and Cr-rich Cr 2 C hexagonal carbides form during the early stages of tempering (or low temperature exposure) of martensitic steels. They subsequently get transformed to Cr-rich M 23 C 6 with progress in tempering.…”

Section: Thermal Exposure-induced Microstructural Evolution In the Wementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Alloy Content and Prior Microstructure on Evolution of Secondary Phases in Weldments of 9Cr-Reduced Activation Ferritic-Martensitic Steel

Paul

Sudha

Saroja

2015

Metall Mater Trans A

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9Cr-Reduced Activation Ferritic-Martensitic steels with 1 and 1.4 wt pct tungsten are materials of choice for the test blanket module in fusion reactors. The steels possess a tempered martensite microstructure with a decoration of inter-and intra-lath carbides, which undergoes extensive modification on application of heat. The change in substructure and precipitation behavior on welding and subsequent thermal exposure has been studied using both experimental and computational techniques. Changes i.e., formation of various phases, their volume fraction, size, and morphology in different regions of the weldment due to prolonged thermal exposure was influenced not only by the time and temperature of exposure but also the prior microstructure. Laves phase of type Fe 2 W was formed in the high tungsten steel, on aging the weldment at 823 K (550°C). It formed in the fine-grained heat-affected zone (HAZ) at much shorter durations than in the base metal. The accelerated kinetics has been understood in terms of enhanced precipitation of carbides at lath/grain boundaries during aging and the concomitant depletion of carbon and chromium and enrichment of tungsten in the vicinity of the carbides. Therefore, the fine-grained HAZ in the weldment was identified as a region susceptible for failure during service.

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“…Dessa forma, para esse grupo de aços inoxidáveis, diferentemente do que é observado para os ferríticos e os austeníticos, as propriedades podem ser alteradas por processamento térmico, ou seja, têmpera e revenimento podem ser conduzidos, produzindo peças com alta resistência mecânica, alta dureza, resistência ao desgaste e ainda alguma tenacidade [2,4]. Uma vez que as propriedades dos aços inoxidáveis martensíticos podem ser alteradas de maneira significativa com os tratamentos térmicos, essas ligas são empregadas em uma grande variedade de situações, indo desde vasos de pressão e caldeiras até lâminas de turbinas e ferramentas de corte [5,6]. De acordo com a composição química e a história de processamento, os aços inoxidáveis martensíticos, em uso, exibem estrutura martensítica (revenida) e carbonetos, podendo ainda apresentar ferrita.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Caracterização Mecânica E Microestrutural De Um Aço Inoxidável Martensítico De Médio Teor De Carbono Após Têmpera E Revenimento

Leite¹,

Silva²,

Lopes³

et al. 2017

Anais Do Congresso Anual Da ABM

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ResumoOs aços inoxidáveis martensíticos, em geral, aliam boas propriedades mecânicas e satisfatória resistência à corrosão, características associadas à possibilidade de realização de tratamentos térmicos de têmpera e revenimento. Nesse contexto, no presente trabalho foram avaliados os efeitos das condições desses tratamentos na microestrutura e nas propriedades mecânicas de um aço inoxidável martensítico de médio teor de carbono. Foram consideradas três temperaturas de aquecimento na têmpera e seis temperaturas de revenimento. A avaliação microestrutural foi realizada por meio de microscopia óptica e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. As propriedades mecânicas foram avaliadas por meio de ensaios de dureza. Foi observada a elevação na dureza do aço com o aumento da temperatura de aquecimento na têmpera, assim como a dissolução dos carbonetos presentes no material. No revenimento subsequente observou-se o aparecimento do pico de dureza referente ao endurecimento secundário a uma temperatura de 500°C. Palavras-chave: Aço inoxidável martensítico; Têmpera; Carbonetos. MECHANICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL WITH MEDIUM CARBON CONTENT AFTER QUENCHING AND TEMPERING AbstractMartensitic stainless steels present good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, characteristics obtained through quenching and tempering heat treatments. In this study, the effects of different conditions of quenching and tempering in the microestructure and the mechanical properties of a martensitic stainless steel with medium carbon content were analyzed. The microestructural evaluation was carried out through optical and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical behavior was carried out by hardness testing. It was observed that the increase in quenching temperature led to higher hardness values, as well as to a smaller content of carbides. Concearning tempering, the ocurrence of secondary hardening was observed at 500°C for all previous quenching temperatures.

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Study on tempering behaviour of AISI 410 stainless steel

Cited by 74 publications

References 11 publications

Softening Mechanisms of the AISI 410 Martensitic Stainless Steel Under Hot Torsion Simulation

Softening Mechanisms of the AISI 410 Martensitic Stainless Steel Under Hot Torsion Simulation

Influence of Alloy Content and Prior Microstructure on Evolution of Secondary Phases in Weldments of 9Cr-Reduced Activation Ferritic-Martensitic Steel

Caracterização Mecânica E Microestrutural De Um Aço Inoxidável Martensítico De Médio Teor De Carbono Após Têmpera E Revenimento

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