Study on small ruminant brucellosis and owners awareness in two selected districts of southern region, Ethiopia

Abstract

Introduction Brucellosis is one of the infectious diseases that has the greatest impact on the productivity of sheep and goats. A cross‐sectional study followed by a simple random sampling technique was used to investigate the seroprevalence of brucellosis (Rose Bengal plate test; RBPT and complement fixation test; CFT) in small ruminants and its related risk variables from November 2019 to June 2020 in Kolme and Abala Abaya districts. A questionnaire was also given to owners to assess their existing knowledge of the disease. Result Using the RBPT and CFT, 28 (4.1%) and 23 (3.33%) of the 690 animals were found to be seropositive for brucellosis, respectively. In this study, the seroprevalence of brucellosis detected in the Kolme district (5.3%) was greater when compared to Abala Abaya (1.0%). The odds of Brucella infection were greater for goats (odds ratio [OR] 6.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 16 0.8–44.9) than for sheep. The odds of adult animals (OR 0.05, 95% CI 0.03–0.07) being positive for brucellosis was higher than young animals. A statistically significant difference in the seropositivity of brucellosis was detected in univariate logistic regression among districts, different age groups, herd size, parity number, and reproductive health problems except for species and sex, but in multivariate logistic regression, only reproductive health problems were revealed a statistically significant difference. Out of 138 families, 100% of respondents were unaware of brucellosis, 94.5% drink raw milk, and 74% handle animals with retained fetal membranes with their bare hands. Conclusion This study showed that brucellosis was a widely spread disease in the study areas and poses a substantial public health danger. To reduce the spread of the disease in small ruminants, public health risks, and economic losses, stringent vaccination application and awareness of personal hygiene are critical.

Seroepidemiology and associated risk factors of brucellosis in small ruminants of district Khanewal, Pakistan

“…Results of the current study revealed that a history of reproductive disorders, including abortion, and RFM had a significant association with the seroprevalence of brucellosis in female small ruminants ( p < 0.05). Similar findings have been reported in some previous studies [ 30 – 32 ]. Contrarily, some previous studies had also reported a non-significant association between brucellosis and a history of reproductive disorders [ 20 , 33 ].…”

Brucellosis in camel, small ruminants, and Somali pastoralists in Eastern Ethiopia: a One Health approach

“…In the current study, the overall animal level seroprevalence of 2.9% was detected in camels. This is similar to the reports of previous studies (23)(24)(25)(26) conducted in similar agroecology in Ethiopia. Conversely, Bekele et al (35) and Hadush et al (36) reported a higher animal-level prevalence of 5.4 and 4.1%, respectively, in Afar pastoral region.…”

“…In this study, the animal level seroprevalence of 5% detected in small ruminants was comparable with the report by Traoré et al ( 22 ) in Mali, who reported a prevalence of 4.1%. However, the prevalence estimated in the current study is higher than a prevalence with the report of 3.33% by Dosa et al ( 23 ) from Southern Nation Nationalities and People (SNNP) region in Kolme and Abala Abaya districts, 0.24% by Geletu et al ( 24 ) from Eastern Hararge, Oromia Region, and 0.9% by Girmay et al ( 25 ) from sheep export farm in Adama, and 0.4% by Yeshwas et al ( 26 ) from Bahir Dar. On the other hand, a higher prevalence of 12.35 and 13.7% than the present study was reported by Tegegne et al ( 27 ) and Tedeg et al ( 28 ) in Afar pastoral region, respectively.…”

Herd and animal level seroprevalence and associated risk factors of small ruminant brucellosis in the Korahey zone, Somali regional state, eastern Ethiopia

“…In this study, the animal-based seroprevalence of small ruminant brucellosis in three districts of the Korahey zone of Somali regional state was 1.23% and this was in line with the results reported by Mohammed et al ( 19 ) in the Jigjiga zone of the Somali region, with a prevalence of 1.37%; Tsegay et al ( 28 ) in Debrezeit and Modjo, with a seroprevalence of 1.76%; and Dabassa et al ( 29 ), who found a similar result (1.56%) in a study of small ruminant brucellosis in Yabello. The present finding is lower than results reported by Aloto et al, ( 30 ) who reported 4.1% in two zones of southern Ethiopia, Dosa et al ( 31 ) who reported 3.33% in two selected districts of Wolaita Zone southern region, Teshome et al ( 32 ) who reported 17.36% in goats in Borana pastoral area, Deddefo et al ( 33 ) who reported 4.6% in Arsi, Teshale et al ( 34 ) who reported 9.7% in Afar, and Negash et al ( 35 ) who reported 9.11% in the Dire Dawa area. Similarly, Wedajo et al ( 18 ) reported a higher seroprevalence (13.7%) in the Tallalak district of the Afar region.…”