Study on Single Step Method for Synthesis of Nano Fluids

Abstract

This project primarily focuses and uses one-step chemical reduction method for synthesizing copper nanofluids by reducing copper sulfate by sodium hypophosphite using microwave irradiation. Thermal conductivity of the product obtained is measured and the variation of thermal conductivity with pH and concentration of precursor is studied. Stability of the dispersion formed is studied by measuring zeta potential at different pH values. One-step method for synthesizing nanofluids has been used to produce nickel nanofluids and properties of the product formed were studied by transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction techniques. High energy ball milling was used to produce copper nanoparticles to be used in the two step method for synthesizing copper nanofluids. The effect of milling time on the size of the crystallites formed was studied.

Factors affecting nanofluids behaviour: A review

“…The nanoparticles of small size and high concentration in base fluid contribute to the improved thermal conductivity of nanofluids [85]. In contrast, a limited impact is found in the shape and size of nanoparticles on nanofluid density [86]; increasing the size and type of nanoparticles influences the thermal behaviour of nanofluids; thermal conductivity is mainly associated with type and size of nanoparticles, where the small size nanoparticles increase thermal conductivity [87,88]. The small nanoparticle size and increased temperatures increase Brownian motion [64][65][66][67].…”

“…Another increase in thermal conductivity could be by breaking the particle agglomerates after subjecting the nanoparticles to a long ultra-sonication period leading to increases in particles' splits and enhancing the base fluid's suspension nanoparticles [86]. The smaller nanoparticles contribute by increasing the thermal conductivity [88]. The shapes of nanoparticles have a role in increasing the thermal conductivity, whereas spherical nanoparticles have better thermal conductivity than cylindrical shapes [85].…”