Study on pre-treatment of melatonin against radiation-induced oxidative stress in mice

The biochemical changes in rats blood serum levels exposed to different gamma radiation doses

“…The increased concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nucleic acid in the rat liver, indicating high level of oxidative stress, markedly enhanced with increasing radiation dose (Makhlouf and Makhlouf, 2012); similar observations were reported on radiation-induced oxidative damage in several organs (Bhatia and Manda, 2004;Sener et al, 2003) and mitochondrial. Ionizing radiation generates ROS as a result of water radiolysis.…”

“…They are found in the cells of almost all body tissues and when diseases or injuries affected these tissues, they are released into blood stream (Kaplan, 1986). Some investigators have reported significant elevation in the activity of liver enzymes (ALT and AST) and kidney function tests (CREA and UREA) after gamma-irradiation (Makhlouf and Makhlouf, 2012;El-Deeb et al, 2006;Bhatia and Manda, 2004), while other investigators have reported the opposite (Hanan et al, 2007). The increase or decrease in the activity of liver enzymes and kidney function parameters might indicate occurrence of liver and kidney injury.…”

Mentha piperita as a pivotal neuro-protective agent against gamma irradiation induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis

“…This is explained by another study of the authors through the increased levels of TBARS, NO and H 2 O 2 in the brain of gamma-irradiated mice, indicating high level of oxidative stress and free radicals generation (Hassan et al 2012). Moreover, various studies reported that the exposure to radiation induced oxidative damage in several organs (Bhatia and Manda 2004;Hassan et al 2010, Wang et al 2010) and mitochondrial membranes (Kamat et al 2000). Moreover, the oxidative stress linked to dopaminergic neurons damage might be owned to lipid peroxidation products 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) which inhibit the aldehyde biotransformation step of DA catabolism to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) yielding elevated levels of the endogenous neurotoxin 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), which is more toxic to dopaminergic neurons than DA quinones (Jinsmaa et al 2009).…”

Melatonin for Protection Against Ionizing Radiation

“…Lipid peroxidation-derived products have been implicated in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress-associated radiation sickness and diseases. Aldehydes showed significant increase with increasing doses of ionizing radiation in several organs (Bhatia andManda 2004, Sener et al 2003) and mitochondrial membranes (Kamat et al 2000). A significant increase in DNA strand breaks and TBARS concentrations was found in rat brain exposed to 10Gy ionizing radiation (Undeger et al 2004).…”