Study On Photovoltaic Modules On Greenhouse Roof For Energy And Strawberry Production

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PV modules mounted on top of a greenhouse, on the growth of strawberries and microclimate conditions as well as to estimate the generated energy. In this study, two greenhouses with the same volume were established. One greenhouse was equipped with the opaque photovoltaic (OPV) modules which accounted for 25.9% of the roof area, and the other was equipped with the semi-transparent photovoltaic (STPV) modules which accounted for 20% of the roof area. The maximum annual power generation of OPV and STPV modules was 880 and 388 kWh with 30° tilt angle, respectively, by simulating different tilt angles. The temperature under the OPV and STPV modules was 2.9 and 1.1 °C lower than the unshaded part in the greenhouses, respectively, at noon in clear weather, and had little effect on relative humidity. The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) under OPV and STPV modules was reduced by 43.5% and 31.7%, respectively, under the PE film greenhouse. The contents of soluble solids in strawberries in OPV and STPV greenhouses were 16.4 and 15.7 mg/g respectively, which were higher than those in unshaded samples. The quality and yield of the strawberry samples under the shade of OPV were better than those of the STPV shade.

Agrivoltaic Systems Design and Assessment: A Critical Review, and a Descriptive Model towards a Sustainable Landscape Vision (Three-Dimensional Agrivoltaic Patterns)

“…(c) tunnel greenhouse, up: 37% PV density [122][123][124], down: checkerboard arrangement [51,155]. (d) Gable roof, one pitch covered 100% [43], 25% [47,48] checkerboard arrangement [47][48][49][50][51][52] and 20% [55,56]. (e) one pitch 100% and 32% covered [54] and semi-transparent glass PV modules (by spacing PV cells) 50% of light transmittance [65,84].…”

Solar Photovoltaic Architecture and Agronomic Management in Agrivoltaic System: A Review

“…At the same time, solar radiation can also be converted to electricity using solar power systems. Solar systems are classified into two types: photovoltaic (PV) systems that convert sunlight directly to electricity using semiconductor materials [36,[76][77][78][79] and concentrated solar power (CSP) systems that convert sunlight to heat before using the heat to produce electricity [30,41,46,51,80]. Despite the fact that both processes need solar radiation to occur, the photosynthesis process is concerned more with the Photosynthesis Active Radiation (PAR) range [47,52,68,[81][82][83] while electrical energy generation is dependent on solar irradiance or light intensity [8,15,35,84,85].…”

“…This total solar irradiance is referred to as solar irradiation. The amount and intensity of R s that the earth's surface receives depends on a variety of factors such as cloud cover [81,[90][91][92][93], latitude [6,73,80,94], altitude [77,78,90,95], season [73,93,[96][97][98], weather [19,38,40,99,100], and daytime [34,46,48,76,101]. In addition, the distance that radiation has to travel is dependent on the angle of the sun [88,93].…”

“…Next, instead of modifying the PV structure and use of opaque photovoltaic (OPV) as modules, there is also a study conducted to determine the potential of using semitransparent photovoltaic (STPV) modules in AV system [76,91,126]. The idea is to turn the agrivoltaic principle from just solar sharing to the selective use of various light wavelengths [97,126].…”

“…Solar monitoring is a technique for increasing the amount of energy obtained by keeping a solar collector, either PV or photothermal, in an optimal location perpendicular to the sun during daylight hours [7,76,77]. A solar tracker aims to ensure that the panels achieve the greatest amount of solar irradiation possible during the day [54,85,96,130].…”