Study on Optimum IUPAC Adsorption Isotherm Models Employing Sensitivity of Parameters for Rigorous Adsorption System Performance Evaluation

Abstract

Adsorption cooling technologies driven by low-grade thermal or solar power are used as an energy-efficient alternative to conventional refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Explicit understanding of the adsorption cycles requires precise determination of the performance parameters, replication of the experimental data, and the rigorous study of the adsorption heat transformation method. Hence, the optimum adsorption isotherms model must be identified. Scientists often face difficulties in selecting the suitable isotherm model as there are many models for a particular form of adsorption isotherm. The present study introduces a novel approach for choosing the optimal models for each type of International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) classified adsorption isotherm using robust statistical methods. First, the box-and-whisker plots of error identification are employed. Tóth for Type-I(a) and Type-I(b), modified BET for Type-II, GAB for Type-III, Universal for Type-IV(a), and Type-IV(b), Sun Chakrabarty for Type-V, and Yahia et al. for Type-VI were found lower than the other candidate models in box-and-whisker plot. The optimality of our selected models was further verified using analysis of variance (ANOVA), pairwise Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) test, Kruskal–Wallis rank-sum test, and pairwise Wilcoxon rank-sum test. In short, rigorous statistical analysis was performed to identify the best model for each type of isotherm by minimizing error. Moreover, specific cooling effect (SCE) of Maxsorb III/ethanol and silica gel/water pairs were determined. Results showed that Tóth is the optimal isotherm model for the studied pairs, and the SCE values obtained from the model agree well with experimental data. The optimum isotherm model is indispensable for the precise designing of the next generation adsorption cooling cycles.

Development of Stable, Efficient, and Recyclable Amine-Containing Microspheres for Gold(I) Thiosulfate Complex Recovery

“…The BET gas sorption theory can be used for surface area determination in highly specific surface materials and includes the adsorption and desorption process. Based on the IUPAC classification, the results presented in Figure correspond to a type-IV isotherm; the trend of the curve indicates the existence of mesoporous materials . The results reveal that nitrogen volume adsorbed by the aminated microspheres increased rapidly when the pressure was between 0.3 and 0.8 kPa, indicating a vigorous interaction.…”

“…Based on the IUPAC classification, the results presented in Figure 2 correspond to a type-IV isotherm; the trend of the curve indicates the existence of mesoporous materials. 23 The results reveal that nitrogen volume adsorbed by the aminated microspheres increased rapidly when the pressure was between 0.3 and 0.8 kPa, indicating a vigorous interaction. The processes of capillary condensation and evaporation proceeded under different pressures, resulting in an H3 hysteresis loop at pressures greater than 0.9 kPa.…”

Hydrodynamic cavitation-enhanced photocatalytic activity of P-doped TiO2 for degradation of ciprofloxacin: Synergetic effect and mechanism

“…Characterization and comparison of the textural properties of TiO 2 and P-TiO 2 -0.04 photocatalysts was done using N 2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. The isotherms of the fabricated photocatalysts are determined as type IV with an H 3 hysteresis loop according to IUPAC [43] , indicating mesoporous properties. Moreover, the BET surface area of P-TiO 2 -0.04 ( Table 1 ) is 1.5 times higher than that of pure TiO 2 .…”

Effective Removal of Glyphosate from Aqueous Systems Using Synthesized PEG-Coated Calcium Peroxide Nanoparticles: Kinetics Study, H2O2 Release Performance and Degradation Pathways

“…It could be observed from Figure 6 a that the limiting gas uptake over high P/P 0 (0.4–1.0) may be caused by capillary condensation that occurred in pores with monolayer–multilayer adsorption [ 19 ]. Likewise, this feature revealed that the adsorption process of nCPs belonged to IUPAC type IV isotherm [ 42 ]. Collectively, the enhanced physicochemical properties would be conducive to the greater removal performance.…”