Study on Multi-Depots Vehicle Scheduling Problem and Its Two-Phase Particle Swarm Optimization

Time-dependent fuzzy random location-scheduling programming for hazardous materials transportation

“…Gong et al (2012) proposed a set-based PSO to solve the discrete vehicle routing problem with time windows. Wang et al (2009) established a multi-depots VSP model and designed a two-phase PSO to solve it. The work by Peng and Chen (2009) was the first attempt to propose a PSO algorithm for the location-routing problem.…”