Study on metabonomic characteristics of human lung cancer using high resolution magic‐angle spinning ¹H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis

Abstract

Lung cancer causes serious health problems. Clinical diagnosis of lung cancer relies on histopathological evalution of tissue specimen. However, extensive knowledge of the metabolic biochemistry of tumors can potentially provide important information for accurate diagnosis of lung cancer. High resolution magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy has emerged and be widely acknowledged as an excellent tool in investigating tissue metabolism. Moreover, the combination of high resolution magic-angle spinning NMR technique and multivariate data analysis has become an important metabonomics platform for studying the intact biological tissues. This study reported the metabonomic characteristics of 51 lung tissues from 17 patients with lung cancer using the high resolution magic-angle spinning 1H NMR spectroscopy and the multivariate data analysis methods including principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis. Clear differences among the metabonomic characteristics of lung cancer tissues at various sites were disclosed. Compared with the adjacent noninvolved tissues, the lung cancer tissues had significantly high levels of aspartate, phosphocholine, glycerophosphocholine and lactate but significantly low levels of glucose and valine. Furthermore, significantly positive (or negative) correlations were observed between the levels of some metabolites such as lactate, fatty acids, valine, phosphocholine, and glycerophosphocholine. Magn Reson Med 66:1531-1540,

Applications of high‐resolution magic angle spinning MRS in biomedical studies II—Human diseases

“…The main aim of these studies was to reveal metabolic differences between healthy and cancerous tissue and to use these results as a tool for disease discrimination. Results showed that Lac, ChoCCs, and Tau were consistently elevated in cancer, whereas Glc, acetate, myo −/ scy ‐Ino, and Gly were found to be decreased . As previously discussed, the decrease in Glc and increase in Lac is likely linked to the Warburg effect, and the higher levels of ChoCCs are markers for cell proliferation.…”

“…Further, PCA and cross‐validated OPLS‐DA approaches were used to create a differentiation tool based on HRMAS MRS data. PCA could discriminate between the different sample origins—center, parenchyma, adjacent—and OPLS‐DA differentiated Stage I/II from III/IV and AC from SCC (Figure ) …”

Multinuclear magnetic resonance evaluation of tumor tissue

“…Metabolic ratios of glycerophosphocholine (GPCho), phosphocholine/creatine (Pcho/Cr), myo-inositol/scyllo-inositol, choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) and other ratios were found to correlate with the number of tumor cells, tumor cell proliferation, and (for non-malignant tissue) the distance to the nearest tumor (Cheng et al, 2005). 1 H MR has been used to study the metabolic status of human tumors with examples that include brain (McKnight, 2004a,b), gastric (Jung et al, 2014), rectal (Wang et al, 2013), renal (Süllentrop et al, 2012), lung (Chen et al, 2011), bladder (Srivastava et al, 2010), ovarian (McLean et al, 2009), breast (Haddadin et al, 2009), cervix (Mahon et al, 2004), kidney (Tate et al, 2000), adipose tissue (Chen et al, 2002) and other types of tissues (Tugnoli et al, 2006). 1 H MRS can have a clinical impact providing detailed information on changes in all observed tissue metabolites simultaneously.…”

A Narrative Review on the Current Application Biomarkers in the Management of Colorectal Cancer

“…Metabonomics provides a systematic, time-dependent measurement of metabolic shifts occurring in response to drugs, environmental stimuli or disease [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. It offers a functional view of system activity by showing all micromolecular data downstream of the genome and proteome [30].…”

“…It offers a functional view of system activity by showing all micromolecular data downstream of the genome and proteome [30]. This wider view of system activity past macromolecules such as DNA and RNA could facilitate personalized approaches for colorectal cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic personalisation [22,28].…”