Study on injection strategy of ammonia/hydrogen dual fuel engine under different compression ratios

Wang, Binbin; Yang, Chuanlei; Wang, Hechun; Hu, Deng; Duan, Baoyin; Wang, Yinyan

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126666

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Improving the CR is also a crucial measure for enhancing engine performance [37,61,62]. According to [63], the study found that increasing the CR from 9.41 to 11.51 increased P max by 59%.…”

Section: Combustion and Emission Of Nh 3 /H 2 Si Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, when the P max exceeds 10 bar/CAD, heat and friction losses sharply rise, ultimately limiting IMEP, indicating that NH 3 inhibits the overall combustion rate [97]. By adjusting the CR and injection time of the NH 3 /H 2 -fueled CI engines, NO x emissions can be brought into compliance with Tier III emission standards while ensuring that the engine maintains sufficient power [61]. The best injection timing combination in the engine not only has optimum power and economy but also allows the engine's NO x emissions to meet Tier II emission standards [99].…”

Section: Combustion and Emission Of Nh 3 /H 2 CI Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of NH3 Fuel in Power Equipment and Its Impact on NOx Emissions

Hu,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Energies

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Due to high greenhouse gas emissions, countries worldwide are stepping up their emission reduction efforts, and the global demand for new, carbon-free fuels is growing. Ammonia (NH3) fuels are popular due to their high production volume, high energy efficiency, ease of storage and transportation, and increased application in power equipment. However, their physical characteristics (e.g., unstable combustion, slow flame speed, and difficult ignition) limit their use in power equipment. Based on the structural properties of the power equipment, NH3 fuel application and emissions characteristics were analyzed in detail. Combustion of NH3 fuels and reduction measures for NOx emissions (spark plug ignition, compression ignition, and gas turbines) were analyzed from various aspects of operating conditions (e.g., mixed fuel, fuel-to-exhaust ratio, and equivalence ratio), structure and strategy (e.g., number of spark plugs, compression ratio (CR), fuel injection, and ignition mode), and auxiliary combustion techniques (e.g., preheating, humidification, exhaust gas recirculation, and secondary air supply). The performance of various NH3 fuel cell (FC) types was analyzed, with a focus on the maximum power achievable for different electrolyte systems. Additionally, the application and NOx emissions of indirect NH3 FCs were evaluated under flame and catalytic combustion conditions. The system efficiency of providing heat sources by burning pure NH3, anode tail gas, and NH3 decomposition gas was also compared. Based on a comprehensive literature review, the key factors influencing the performance and emissions of NH3-powered equipment were identified. The challenges and limitations of NH3-powered equipment were summarized, and potential strategies for improving efficiency and reducing emissions were proposed. These findings provide valuable insights for the future development and application of NH3 FCs.

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Section: Combustion and Emission Of Nh 3 /H 2 Si Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combustion and Emission Of Nh 3 /H 2 CI Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of NH3 Fuel in Power Equipment and Its Impact on NOx Emissions

Hu,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…Regarding NO x emissions abatement, Rodriguez et al 121 found that injecting some NH 3 during the expansion stroke allowed reduction of NO x emissions, via noncatalytic selective reduction, but this also led to excessive NH 3 slip and N 2 O emissions. For the NH 3 -H 2 , dual-fuel strategy, Wang et al 123 predicted numerically that Tier II, and in some cases Tier III, NO x emission requirements could be met with only a small amount of H 2 burnt in two prechambers to ignite the main NH 3 charge. In this case, H 2 corresponded to only ∼0.25% of the total fuel by mass.…”

Section: Nh 3 In Practical Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very recent studies on CI engines seem to focus on dual-fuel combustion strategies, namely NH 3 -diesel ,,,− or NH 3 -H 2 , , instead of pure NH 3 combustion. Benefits on greenhouse gas emissions can be reaped by displacing some of the diesel with NH 3 . , For example, a reduction of 24% of the greenhouse gas potential compared to pure diesel operation was found by Yousefi et al with, in addition, a 2% indicated thermal efficiency gain.…”

Section: Nh3 In Practical Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini Review of Ammonia for Power and Propulsion: Advances and Perspectives

Guiberti,

Pezzella,

Hayakawa

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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Ammonia is a molecule that has been essential to human activities for centuries. It is widely used as a feedstock for fertilizers, industrial chemicals, and emissions after-treatment systems. The properties of ammonia have led to its interest as a carrier for hydrogen in energy applications. The combustion of ammonia for power and propulsion offers direct applications of this molecule in energy and transportation applications. However, there are significant challenges related to ammonia combustion, including low flammability and potentially high emissions. Blending of ammonia with hydrogen or hydrocarbons offers opportunities to improve combustibility. This mini review discusses challenges related to ammonia combustion and current state-of-the-art approaches to overcoming these challenges with research into chemical kinetics, laminar and turbulent flames, and engine and turbine systems. This paper seeks to introduce and summarize recent results on ammonia combustion by highlighting pertinent aspects of this rich and rapidly increasing body of information.

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“…In conclusion, numerous studies on ammonia fuel demonstrate its performance advantages as an alternative fuel in internal combustion engines when blended with highreactivity fuels. However, research on ammonia-hydrogen blending fuel primarily focuses on the feasibility of using ammonia-hydrogen mixtures as engine fuels, and the perfor-mance and emissions of the engines under specific conditions [30][31][32][33]. This paper builds on the previously demonstrated potential of the ammonia-hydrogen fuel by establishing a one-dimensional simulation model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation Study on Combustion Performance of Ammonia-Hydrogen Fuel Engines

Zhao,

Gao,

et al. 2024

Energies

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Ammonia is a very promising alternative fuel for internal combustion engines, but there are some disadvantages, such as difficulty in ignition and slow combustion rate when ammonia is used alone. Aiming to address the problem of ammonia combustion difficulty, measures are proposed to improve ammonia combustion by blending hydrogen. A one-dimensional turbocharged ammonia-hydrogen engine simulation model was established, and the combustion model was corrected and verified. Using the verified one-dimensional model, the effects of different ratios of hydrogen to ammonia, different rotational speeds and loads on the combustion performance are investigated. The results show that the ignition delay and combustion duration is shortened with the increase of the hydrogen blending ratio. The appropriate amount of hydrogen blending can improve the brake’s thermal efficiency. With the increase in engine speed, increasing the proportion of hydrogen blending is necessary to ensure reliable ignition. In conclusion, the ammonia-hydrogen fuel engine has good combustion performance, but it is necessary to choose the appropriate hydrogen blending ratio according to the engine’s operating conditions and requirements.

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Study on injection strategy of ammonia/hydrogen dual fuel engine under different compression ratios

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

Application of NH3 Fuel in Power Equipment and Its Impact on NOx Emissions

Application of NH3 Fuel in Power Equipment and Its Impact on NOx Emissions

Mini Review of Ammonia for Power and Propulsion: Advances and Perspectives

Simulation Study on Combustion Performance of Ammonia-Hydrogen Fuel Engines

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