This paper reports the experimental results about the effect of the filter performance on airborne microbial concentration in a building used actually. The main conclusions obtained from this research are as follows. (1) In relationships between the airborne fungi concentration of supply air and filter performance, airborne fungi concentration tended to decline with upgrading filter performance. (2) Almost all the airborne microbe concentration ratio between supply air and pit room air are less than 1.0. One reason is that airborne microbe concentration in the pit is higher than supply air.