Study on failure mechanisms of composite box beams on wind turbine blades under extreme combined loading

Li, Jianwei; Wang, Jinghua; Yu, Liangfeng; Liu, Weisheng; Zhang, Leian

doi:10.1080/15376494.2020.1853856

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Due to their exceptional strength, stiffness, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance, the applications of FRCs in structures are steadily growing, especially in main load-bearing structures [ 3 , 4 ]. For example, the utilization of pultruded carbon fiber-reinforced beams on large wind turbine blades has become a consensus in the energy industry [ 5 ]. Molds, however, have historically restricted the design and production of conventional FRCs, resulting in high costs and drawn-out production cycles [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Optimization of 3D-Printed Variable Cross-Section I-Beams Reinforced with Continuous and Short Fibers

Zhang,

Sun,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Polymers

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By integrating fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) with Three-dimensional (3D) printing, the flexibility of lightweight structures was promoted while eliminating the mold’s limitations. The design of the I-beam configuration was performed according to the equal-strength philosophy. Then, a multi-objective optimization analysis was conducted based on the NSGA-II algorithm. 3D printing was utilized to fabricate I-beams in three kinds of configurations and seven distinct materials. The flexural properties of the primitive (P-type), the designed (D-type), and the optimized (O-type) configurations were verified via three-point bending testing at a speed of 2 mm/min. Further, by combining different reinforcements, including continuous carbon fibers (CCFs), short carbon fibers (SCFs), and short glass fibers (SGFs) and distinct matrices, including polyamides (PAs), and polylactides (PLAs), the 3D-printed I-beams were studied experimentally. The results indicate that designed and optimized I-beams exhibit a 14.46% and 30.05% increase in the stiffness-to-mass ratio and a 7.83% and 40.59% increment in the load-to-mass ratio, respectively. The CCFs and SCFs result in an outstanding accretion in the flexural properties of 3D-printed I-beams, while the accretion is 2926% and 1070% in the stiffness-to-mass ratio and 656.7% and 344.4% in the load-to-mass ratio, respectively. For the matrix, PAs are a superior choice compared to PLAs for enhancing the positive impact of reinforcements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Optimization of 3D-Printed Variable Cross-Section I-Beams Reinforced with Continuous and Short Fibers

Zhang,

Sun,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…However, the structural designs of the WTB and their manufacture are complex, because the folds (creases) that occur after their manufacture can significantly reduce the overall performance of the structure [19]. In addition, research has been carried out to identify the optimal angle of the laminate to perform the stacking sequence of each sheet to form the laminate of a thin-walled beam; subsequently, the thicknesses and orientations of the laminate are optimized to obtain the maximum bending-twisting torque effect [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some researchers [19,23,24] have proposed different types of non-linear solutions for WTB and composite beams, both numerical and experimental, and have reported a difference of less than 10% when comparing the load determined by strain gauges with the FEM. Lopez et al developed a system to validate the cantilever blade's behavior experimentally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bending Behavior Analysis of Box Beams with the Reinforcement of Composite Materials for Wind Turbine Blades

Maldonado-Santiago,

Robles-Ocampo,

Gálvez

et al. 2023

Fibers

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Wind turbine blades in excessive wind conditions present extreme deflection problems. For this reason, an analysis of the structural response of composite reinforced box beams is developed. For this purpose, reinforced box beams were fabricated to improve the bending strength in the flapwise direction of the wind turbine blades. The box beams were analyzed with three-dimensional models using the Finite Element Method (FEM) and validated with bending tests at four-points and two-points. The box beam meets the characteristics of lightness and mechanical strength. Experimental four-point bending results showed that reinforced cross-sections decrease displacements by 30.09% and increase their stiffness to 43.41% for a box beam without structural reinforcement. In addition, the two-point bending results showed a difference of 18.98% between the displacements of the beams with structural reinforcements. In the FEM analysis, a maximum error of 11.24% was obtained when correlating the maximum displacement value with the experimental results of the beams.

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Development of the test method for wind turbine blade subcomponent under combined bending and torsion loads

Wu,

Qi,

Guo

et al. 2023

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

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The conventional full-scale wind turbine blade testing method is unable to study the detailed structural response of blades' key subcomponents under complex loads. Therefore, developing an efficient and reliable blade subcomponent testing method is of great significance for investigating the structural characteristics of blades. This paper develops an innovative blade subcomponent test method framework, which is capable of studying the structural response under combined bending and torsion load conditions. A high-fidelity finite element model corresponding to the framework that considers nonlinear factors is established. This study further investigated the influence of boundary conditions on the results. The results showed that the test method proposed in this paper is reasonable, and the experiment based on this method is successfully conducted. The contact nonlinearity and size effects will affect the accuracy of the test results, which can be avoided by adjusting the size of the clamp.

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Study on failure mechanisms of composite box beams on wind turbine blades under extreme combined loading

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Design and Optimization of 3D-Printed Variable Cross-Section I-Beams Reinforced with Continuous and Short Fibers

Design and Optimization of 3D-Printed Variable Cross-Section I-Beams Reinforced with Continuous and Short Fibers

Bending Behavior Analysis of Box Beams with the Reinforcement of Composite Materials for Wind Turbine Blades

Development of the test method for wind turbine blade subcomponent under combined bending and torsion loads

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