Study on evacuation of pedestrians from a room with multi-obstacles considering the effect of aisles

Zhu, Kongjin; Yang, Yue; Shi, Qin

doi:10.1016/j.simpat.2016.09.002

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…e theoretical emergency evacuation framework consists of emergency accidents, accident spots and evacuation routes, evacuation time, and walking speed [47,48]. e four aspects are necessary and essential to the emergency evacuation planning and implementation.…”

Section: Theoretical Crts Emergency Evacuation Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

Tian

2020

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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Rail transit stations with multifloor structures have been built in many cities to intensively utilize land resources and facilitate lives of community. However, being overcrowded with passengers results in high risks during daily operation. In response, this study conducted an emergency evacuation simulation and optimization in the three-dimensional (3D) space of “complex rail transit stations” (CRTSs). The aim of the paper is to provide a methodology to determine effective emergency evacuation strategies for CRTSs. The Lianglukou Rail Transit Station in Chongqing, China, was used as a case study and the AnyLogic simulation platform employed for simulating emergency evacuations. An emergency evacuation theoretical framework was established. The emergency evacuation strategies, including evacuation routes and evacuation times, were determined based on the theoretical demonstration. Simulation and optimization of emergency evacuation in the Lianglukou station were conducted. Accordingly, four main simulation results were obtained: (1) Escalators/stairs and turnstiles are key facilities in the evacuation; (2) Effective guidance for the evacuation is necessary in the public space of the station; (3) Passenger aggregation nodes should be guided for balanced evacuation; (4) Removing metal barriers is a useful evacuation optimization measure. The proposed research method and framework can be used by other CRTSs in the establishment of emergency evacuation strategies and effective optimization strategies to promote safety of transportation system. The research findings are beneficial to passengers in helping them provide valuable emergency evacuation guidance.

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Section: Theoretical Crts Emergency Evacuation Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

Tian

2020

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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“…Simulation based on microscopic behavior of pedestrians is capable of reproducing macroscopic crowd phenomena, thus becoming a main approach to explore the macroscopic features of pedestrian flows under different walking scenarios. The most widely applicable microscopic simulation models include the cellular automata (CA) model, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] the social force model (SFM), [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] the centrifugal force model, 30 and compositional models 31 in the state-of-the-art research. The study objects generally include passing flows in passageways, 13,17,18,22,25 evacuation flows from an empty room, 12,15,16,23,32 and pedestrian flows in visual-affected, 1,2 multi-exit, 3,6 and spatial obstructed situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study objects generally include passing flows in passageways, 13,17,18,22,25 evacuation flows from an empty room, 12,15,16,23,32 and pedestrian flows in visual-affected, 1,2 multi-exit, 3,6 and spatial obstructed situations. [7][8][9][10][11]23,24,27,28,33 The CA model has been widely applied for its high speed in computer simulation and the capacity to reproduce certain macroscopic phenomenon, such as arching, selforganization, and stampede-crush. The CA model divides the space into discrete grids and sets certain update rules to motivate pedestrians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SFM assumed that pedestrians were motivated by the self-driven force, repulsion force, and friction force, and successfully reproduced macroscopic behavior like ''arching'' and the ''faster-isslower effect''. 9,10 The SFM was further improved from the perspectives of self-driven force modification, 15,16,22 repulsion force modification, 17,18,24 and parameter calibration 11,[17][18][19]23 . Yang et al 15 used navigational force to model the effect of guides, and added parameters considering the effect of the vision field, excitement or nervousness, and the surrounding environment into the calculation of desired velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of pedestrian flow with evading and surpassing behavior in a walking passageway

et al. 2017

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The pedestrian flow with evading and surpassing behavior in a walking passageway is simulated based on a modified social force model in order to explore the influence of this behavior on evacuation efficiency, bottleneck passing capacity, and the macroscopic phenomenon. A pair of conjugated self-driven forces is introduced to enable a pedestrian to avoid a direct collision and keep a normal velocity magnitude while confronting an obstacle. The pedestrian avoiding time is used to define the triggering conditions of evading and surpassing behavior, and has been estimated through practical experiments. Simulation results show that in a passageway without spatial obstacles, the evading and surpassing behavior will increase the evacuation time under the condition that the pedestrian number is larger than a critical value. Moreover, when a spatial obstacle exists, both the rise of pedestrian numbers and the decline of bottleneck width would increase the evacuation time. Meanwhile, it is observed that compared with a bar-shaped obstacle, a circle-shaped obstacle corresponds to a larger bottleneck passing capacity and less evacuation time when the size of the spatial obstacle is above a critical value. In addition, a phenomenon of a triangle ''evading region'' caused by the evading and surpassing behavior also can be observed before the spatial obstacle through simulation and experiments. Furthermore, it can be concluded that a circle-shaped obstacle corresponds to a stronger guiding function and a larger area of ''evading region'' compared with a bar-shaped one, and induces a relatively higher bottleneck passing capacity in a walking passageway.

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“…">State of the Art in Classrooms and Lecture Halls' EvacuationThe evacuation process from classrooms and lecture halls has attracted a series of researchers, each of them trying to address the problem from different angles. As a result, the researches made Symmetry 2020, 12, 627 3 of 25 within this area have focused on, but have not been limited to: methodological aspects needed to be considered when conducting a simulation [59], the variables needed to be taken into account [60], conducting on-the-field trials in order to extract behavioral characteristics of the evacuees [18], the effect of various room settings on the evacuation process and overall evacuation time [61,62], the role of guidance [63], etc. As the literature addressing the classrooms and lecture halls evacuation is vast, in the following, only some of the above aspects will be discussed, on the purpose of offering a general field coverage in terms of methodology, means and expected results.From a methodological point of view, in a recent paper, Lovreglio et al[59] considered four sampling approaches and conducted eight trial evacuations using a classroom-based scenario.…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigating the Exits’ Symmetry Impact on the Evacuation Process of Classrooms and Lecture Halls: An Agent-Based Modeling Approach

et al. 2020

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As the evacuation problem has attracted and continues to attract a series of researchers due to its high importance both for saving human lives and for reducing the material losses in such situations, the present paper analyses whether the evacuation doors configuration in the case of classrooms and lecture halls matters in reducing the evacuation time. For this aim, eighteen possible doors configurations have been considered along with five possible placements of desks and chairs. The doors configurations have been divided into symmetrical and asymmetrical clusters based on the two doors positions within the room. An agent-based model has been created in NetLogo which allows a fast configuration of the classrooms and lecture halls in terms of size, number of desks and chairs, desks and chair configuration, exits' size, the presence of fallen objects, type of evacuees and their speed. The model has been used for performing and analyzing various scenarios. Based on these results, it has been observed that, in most cases, the symmetrical doors configurations provide good/optimal results, while only some of the asymmetrical doors configurations provide comparable/better results. The model is configurable and can be used in various scenarios.Symmetry 2020, 12, 627 2 of 25 demonstrated the beneficial effect of such an obstacle, a series of other studies have followed [28], some of them revealing a smaller positive effect [29,30], others stating the influence based on the dimension and position of the obstacle [31], while others proving the ineffectiveness of such a situation [32,33]. In a recent paper, Zuriguel et al. [34] studied the effect of an obstacle placed in front of the exit, and the authors concluded that this situation slightly favors the evacuation of the persons near the wall, prompting a debate on the role of the column in an evacuation process. Even more, the role of the exit location is questioned in Wu et al. [3], in which the authors conduct an experiment using mice and changing the position of the exit door by moving it from the long to the short wall of the test container.Depending on the type of the environment in which the evacuation might take place, a series of studies in the literature have addressed the evacuation of ships [35], metro stations [11,36], metro trains and high-speed trains [37,38], hospitals [39,40], stadiums [41], concert halls [42], supermarkets [43], rooms [34,44], auditorium [45], classrooms and lecture halls [18,46,47], ascending stair evacuation [48], large indoor building spaces [49], large buildings [50], large exterior spaces [51], etc.Among the public building evacuation situations, classrooms and the lecture halls hold an important place, as these spaces generally present a high population density and a restrained evacuation capacity [18,52]. The seat and desk placement among these types of learning rooms can take various forms, which, combined with the exit doors' positions, can have an impact on the overall evacuation time [53]. Furthermore, the complexity of the i...

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Study on evacuation of pedestrians from a room with multi-obstacles considering the effect of aisles

Cited by 44 publications

References 54 publications

Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

Simulation of pedestrian flow with evading and surpassing behavior in a walking passageway

Investigating the Exits’ Symmetry Impact on the Evacuation Process of Classrooms and Lecture Halls: An Agent-Based Modeling Approach

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