Study on Doppler Spectra of Electromagnetic Scattering of Time-Varying Kelvin Wake on Sea Surface

Abstract

In general, it is more practical to detect ship wake under the background of a complicated sea state than the ship directly. Thus, in this paper, the Doppler spectra of time-varying Kelvin wake on a time-varying sea surface are numerically investigated by considering the change of ship wake with time in ocean environments. For this purpose, the linear superposition model of a time-varying sea surface and a time-varying Kelvin wake is established. Combined with the facet scattering field model of sea surface and Kirchhoff approximation (KA), the Doppler of the radar scattering echo signal of the time-varying wake on the sea surface is simulated and analyzed under different polarizations, incident angles, ship speeds, and wind speeds, as well as wind directions. It can be observed that the Doppler spectrum changes as the conditions change. This study provides a reference for extracting motion features of ship wakes in a sea clutter environment.

Composite Backscatter Characteristics of Conductive/Dielectric Ships and Sea Surfaces with Breaking Waves under High Sea Conditions

“…There have been many studies on sea surface scattering [3][4][5]. Research on the composite scattering of sea and target has primarily involved numerical acceleration algorithms, such as the generalized forward and backward iteration algorithm (GFBM) [6], the double iteration model of locally coupled field technology [7], the multi-layer fast multi-pole method [8], high-low frequency hybrid algorithms such as KA and MoM (KA-MoM) [9,10], etc.…”