Study on Compact Pre-Swirl Duct for Slender Aft-Body Crude Oil Carrier

Kang, Jin-Gu; Kim, Moon-Chan; Shin, Yong-Jin

doi:10.3390/jmse10030396

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…EEDI is calculated on the basis of the ship's design values and used to determine its energy efficiency during design. The EEDI is defined in the following way [7][8][9][10]: EEDI = CO 2 emission work done for cargo transport…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Optimization of Marine Drive Systems with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Tarnapowicz,

Zaleski,

Matuszak

et al. 2023

Energies

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The International Maritime Organization are introducing more and more stringent requirements concerning increasing ships’ energy efficiency. They are becoming a huge challenge for design engineers. This article proposes a method to increase the energy efficiency of mechatronic drive systems in ship systems via the use of highly efficient electric permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). An innovative control strategy is suggested. It is based on the modification of the classic PMSM control and ensuring energy optimization through a reduction in reactive power in the Active Converter–PMSM system. Analytical and simulation studies using the Matlab–Simulink program are presented. They confirm the possibility of reducing reactive power in a PMSM drive system. A verification of the results of analytical and simulation examinations was conducted at a laboratory station with the use of the Speedgoat module operating in the Rapid Control Prototyping mode. Both the simulation and experimental research results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed PMSM control method. This method has good prospects for application in energy-saving marine drive systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Optimization of Marine Drive Systems with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Tarnapowicz,

Zaleski,

Matuszak

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…In this context, and for the type of phenomena involved, design methods based on the inviscid assumptions, such as the well-established lifting line/lifting surface (as well as BEM) methodologies for propeller design, are completely out of scope except for very preliminary investigations on trends or on devices' main dimensions, as shown by the methods proposed in [12,26,27]. These methods evidenced several limitations in the description of the function and in the design of these devices (pre-swirl fins in particular) that are often required to operate under very high angles of attack and in heavily nonuniform inflows, which are clearly out of the assumptions of inviscid/potential methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This realizes a simplified self-propulsion estimation method based on a weak coupling of the two solvers [33,34] that, regardless of the approximations introduced for the evaluation of self-induced velocities, has proven to be a reliable and efficient way to account for the mutual interactions (and the related influence on performances) between the propeller, the hull and the pre-or post-devices, at least for design purposes. This permits avoiding the simplified and less reliable design criteria (i.e., equivalent angle of attack), unavoidable when vortex-based design approaches are employed [27], and realizing a flexible and efficient design method capable of a wider exploration of the design space towards unconventional (and usually more efficient) configurations thanks to the higher level of confidence of the adopted tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Swirl Ducts, Pre-Swirl Fins and Wake-Equalizing Ducts for the DTC Hull: Design and Scale Effects

Nicorelli,

Villa,

Gaggero

2023

JMSE

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A pre-swirl fin (PSF), pre-swirl duct (PSD) and wake-equalizing duct (WED) energy-saving devices (ESD) are designed for the Duisburg Test Case (DTC). To this aim, a simulation-based design optimization method, combining RANSE analyses (ship resistance) with BEM calculations (unsteady propeller performances) in a simplified optimization process realized through a parametric description of ESD geometries, was employed. Fully resolved RANSE analyses were used to validate the outcomes of this affordable design process, which identifies devices capable of saving energy in the delivered power for this type of challenging test case by up to 2.6%. Comparisons with model-scale calculations, furthermore, permit us to discuss the influence of each appendage in different flowfields (model- and full-scale, as well as under the action of the simplified or the resolved propeller) and the reliability of the full-scale extrapolation methods recently proposed for these types of devices.

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“…According to the regulations of MARPOL, the ship energy efficiency management plan (SEEMP) is a specific system used to supervise the fuel efficiency of ships [26], which has been incorporated into the ship's international safety management system. Although the effect of EEXI on energy saving is not satisfactory [27,28], ships often use the following practices to improve ship fuel efficiency:…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Replacing ships: when shipping companies compete to build large ships in order to reduce transportation unit costs [29], they also consider how to improve fuel efficiency, especially the optimization of hull design, propeller pitch, and engine speed, as well as the application of energy-saving equipment to improve performance [26,[30][31][32].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Carbon Intensity Index Rating System on the Development of the Northeast Passage

Tsai

Lin

2023

JMSE

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For many years, the Suez Canal (also known as the Suez Route) has been the main route connecting Europe and Asia. However, compared with the Suez Route, the Northeast Passage could save up to 41% of the journey. The ship carbon intensity index (CII) rating system of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) came into effect in 2023. This study took an existing bulk carrier on the Europe–Asia route as an example to calculate the attained CII values at different sailing speeds. It was found that, regardless of external factors, when the ship speed dropped from 14.4 knots (85% maximum continuous rating (MCR)) to 12.6 knots (55% MCR), the corresponding attained CII value decreased from 6.48 g/ton·nm to 5.19 g/ton·nm. Therefore, sailing speed was the key factor influencing the attained CII value, and it was independent of the shipping distance. In addition, when the ship’s sailing output power was between 85% MCR and 75% MCR, for every 5% decrease in MCR, its attained CII value would decrease by 0.13 g/ton·nm, and the fuel consumption amount would decrease by 1 ton/day. However, when the ship sailed at an output power of 75% MCR to 55% MCR, for every 5% decrease in MCR, the attained CII value would decrease even more, up to 0.26 g/ton·nm. In addition, the attained CII value would be reduced by up to 100% and fuel consumption amount would be reduced by up to 1.5 ton/day, resulting in a 50% fuel saving effect. Therefore, to obtain a better CII rating, the optimal ship speed should be set between 75% MCR and 55% MCR according to the wave and wind strengths. However, although slow-speed sailing is the most efficient factor, the number of sailing days would also be extended. Through the ratio created by dividing the distance of the Northeast Passage by the Suez Route, whether the Northeast Passage has the benefit of balancing shipping schedules could be judged. The outcome indicated that a ratio lower than 1 would result in a more balanced shipping schedule. Compared with 2019, the number of ships sailing through the Northeast Passage in 2021 increased significantly by 132%, and the average dead weight tonnage of the ships also rose from 18,846 tons to 23,736 tons. This study found that, with the implementation of the carbon reduction policy of the CII rating, ships sailing through the Northeast Passage could continue to develop toward the trend of large-sized vessels and steady increase in ship number.

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Study on Compact Pre-Swirl Duct for Slender Aft-Body Crude Oil Carrier

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Energy Optimization of Marine Drive Systems with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Energy Optimization of Marine Drive Systems with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Pre-Swirl Ducts, Pre-Swirl Fins and Wake-Equalizing Ducts for the DTC Hull: Design and Scale Effects

Effects of the Carbon Intensity Index Rating System on the Development of the Northeast Passage

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