Study on Combustion Chamber Deposit Formation Mechanism -Influence of Fuel Components and Gasoline Detergents-

Uehara, Takashi; Takei, Yasunori; Hoshi, Hirohiko; Shiratani, Kazuhiko; Okada, Masanori; Esaki, Yasuo

doi:10.4271/971722

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The reduction of aromatic hydrocarbons content in the petrol has a favourable impact on the engine operation (retaining of combustion chambers clean) and on the reduction of harmful exhaust gas components emission [7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. However, on the other hand, in accordance with results of studies [25], the limitation of aromatic hydrocarbons content causes an increased emission of nitrogen oxides NO x .…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

“…Table 1 specifies properties of engine unleaded petrol 95 declared by producers, while Table 2 -properties of ethanol being the main component of E85 ethanol fuels. Table 3 presents results of tests on properties of E85 ethanol fuels composed in INiG-PIB, utilising petrol originating from two producers, and also results of tests on the ethanol content and on the vapour pressure referred to climate requirements in accordance with PKN-CEN/TS 15293:2012 standard [25].…”

Section: Test Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of E85 ethanol fuel composition on engine oil properties

Żółty

Badawczy

Sacha

2018

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The article presents results of work aimed at determining the influence of hydrocarbon gasoline used to composed E85 ethanol fuel on the properties of engine oil used in spark ignition Flex Fuel automobile engine. For this purpose, two ethanol fuels were composed which consisting of 85% (V/V) ethanol and 15% (V/V) conventional hydrocarbon gasoline, which was obtained from two producers. As an object of the study, an engine oil was recommended for this type of engine lubrication, the SAE 5W-30 viscosity grades and ACEA A5/B5 quality grade engine oil was selected. Monitoring of the properties of the subjected oil was carried out before and after 300 hours of engine operation. Test samples of engine oil retained their rheological properties at levels corresponding to their viscosity grade.

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supporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Test Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of E85 ethanol fuel composition on engine oil properties

Żółty

Badawczy

Sacha

2018

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“…As listed in Table 3 and Table 4, fuels with higher olefin contents. Uehara et al [63] suggested that larger molecular weight olefins led to a higher injector deposit tendency.…”

Section: Olefinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration of detergents needs to be optimized, since evidence shows that detergents may accelerate combustion chamber deposit (CCD) formation [63,92]. Other publications show that further increasing the concentration of detergents from the optimised concentration did not have any benefit in controlling injector deposit formation [36,47].…”

Section: Detergentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel injector deposits in direct-injection spark-ignition engines

Wang

et al. 2015

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

151

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Controlling fuel injector deposits is recognised as a challenge for advanced direct-injection sparkignition (DISI) engines. This paper gives a comprehensive overview of the research on formation, measurement, effect, and mitigation of injector deposits in DISI engines. Methodologies for the injector deposit studies include visual and compositional analysis. It is shown that injector deposits will reduce injector fuel flow rates, and lead to changes in spray characteristics. Consequently, spray angle and envelope are likely to be affected, and spray penetration distance as well as droplet diameter can be increased. Injector deposits are revealed to be primarily fuel-derived and created by two distinct free radical pathways, i.e., low temperature auto-oxidation and high temperature pyrolysis. Fuel compositions (olefins, aromatics, and sulphur), as well as T90 parameter, are significant factors in injector deposit formation. The worst consequences of injector fouling are pre-ignition, and engine misfiring and malfunction. Emissions, especially particulates, dramatically increase as the fuel injector becomes fouled. It appears that fuel detergent is the most effective method in controlling injector deposit formation if its chemistry and dosage rate are optimized. Outward opening piezo-driven injector configuration with a good surface finish, a sharp nozzle inlet, and a counter bore design, is useful in preventing injector deposit formation. Reducing injector nozzle temperature by methods such as designing special injector cooling passages, and improving engine design are also proven to be 2 helpful in reducing injector fouling. Anti-deposit coatings only delay the onset of injector deposit formation.

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“…Previous SI experiments have shown that fuel composition plays an integral role in the growth of combustion chamber deposit (CCD) and the equilibrium quantity of deposition that will accumulate in an engine. 5–16 Gasoline blends that possess more complex molecules with higher boiling points, such as aromatics, have a tendency to promote in-cylinder CCD build-up. 9 These experiments also show that CCDs will not accumulate indefinitely, but rather, will reach an equilibrium “fully conditioned” state at which the surface temperature of the layer (which increases as the layer accumulates) becomes sufficiently high to prevent any further deposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of fuel composition and additive packages on deposit properties and homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion

Lacey

Kameshwaran

Filipi

et al. 2019

International Journal of Engine Research

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Homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion is highly dependent on in-cylinder thermal conditions that are favorable to auto-ignition, and the presence of deposits can dramatically impact the in-cylinder environment. Because fuels available at the pump can differ considerably in composition, and fuel composition and the included additive package directly affect how deposits accumulate in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine, strategies intended to bring homogeneous charge compression ignition to market must account for this fuel and additive variability. In order to investigate this impact, two oxygenated refinery stream test fuels with two different additives were run in a single cylinder homogeneous charge compression ignition engine. The two fuels had varying chemical composition; one represents a “dirty” fuel with high aromatic content that was intended to simulate a worst-case scenario for deposit growth, while the other represents a California Reformulated Gasoline Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending fuel, which is the primary constituent of pump gasoline at fueling stations across the state of California. The additive packages are typical of technologies that are commercially available to treat engine deposits. Both fuels were run in an experimental, single-cylinder homogeneous charge compression ignition engine in a passive conditioning study, during which the engine was run at steady state over a period of time in order to track changes in the homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion event as deposits accumulated in-cylinder. Both the composition and the additive influenced the structure of the combustion chamber deposit layer, but more importantly, both the rate at which the layer developed and the equilibrium thickness it achieved. The overall thickness of the combustion chamber deposit layer was found to have a significant impact on homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion phasing.

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Study on Combustion Chamber Deposit Formation Mechanism -Influence of Fuel Components and Gasoline Detergents-

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Influence of E85 ethanol fuel composition on engine oil properties

Influence of E85 ethanol fuel composition on engine oil properties

Fuel injector deposits in direct-injection spark-ignition engines

The effect of fuel composition and additive packages on deposit properties and homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion

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