Study on cheliceral sensilla of the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) involved in taste perception of phagostimulants

Soares, Sara Fernandes; Louly, Carla Cristina Braz; Marion‐Poll, Frédéric; Ribeiro, Múcio Flávio Barbosa; Borges, Lígia Miranda Ferreira

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.01.006

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Of this blood, 3.1 ml supplemented with glucose (2 g/l) were added to each well of a 6-well plate (Sarstedt). As a phagostimulant, 1 mmol/l ATP (Carl Roth) dissolved in physiological sodium chloride solution was added to the blood [39]. The plate was pre-warmed at 37 °C.…”

Section: Feeding Of Adult I Ricinusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake and fecal excretion of Coxiella burnetii by Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor marginatus ticks

et al. 2020

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Background: The bacterium Coxiella burnetii is the etiological agent of Q fever and is mainly transmitted via inhalation of infectious aerosols. DNA of C. burnetii is frequently detected in ticks, but the role of ticks as vectors in the epidemiology of this agent is still controversial. In this study, Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor marginatus adults as well as I. ricinus nymphs were fed on blood spiked with C. burnetii in order to study the fate of the bacterium within putative tick vectors. Methods: Blood-feeding experiments were performed in vitro in silicone-membrane based feeding units. The uptake, fecal excretion and transstadial transmission of C. burnetii was examined by quantitative real-time PCR as well as cultivation of feces and crushed tick filtrates in L-929 mouse fibroblast cells and cell-free culture medium. Results: Ticks successfully fed in the feeding system with engorgement rates ranging from 29% (D. marginatus) to 64% (I. ricinus adults). Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in the feces of both tick species during and after feeding on blood containing 10 5 or 10 6 genomic equivalents per ml blood (GE/ml), but not when fed on blood containing only 10 4 GE/ml. Isolation and cultivation demonstrated the infectivity of C. burnetii in shed feces. In 25% of the I. ricinus nymphs feeding on inoculated blood, a transstadial transmission to the adult stage was detected. Females that molted from nymphs fed on inoculated blood excreted C. burnetii of up to 10 6 genomic equivalents per mg of feces. Conclusions: These findings show that transstadial transmission of C. burnetii occurs in I. ricinus and confirm that I. ricinus is a potential vector for Q fever. Transmission from both tick species might occur by inhalation of feces containing high amounts of viable C. burnetii rather than via tick bites.

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Section: Feeding Of Adult I Ricinusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake and fecal excretion of Coxiella burnetii by Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor marginatus ticks

et al. 2020

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“…Adenosine Triphosphate—Today, the most effective phagostimulant known for mosquitoes and a variety of other blood-sucking arthropods is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) [77,78,79,80,81]. Galun (1967) tested various artificial meals to determine what adenine nucleotides, present in blood, encouraged engorgement and determined that the feeding percentage of each meal increased with the number of attached phosphates in the following order: adenosine monophosphate, adenosine diphosphate, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and adenosine tetraphosphate at 1 mM [76].…”

Section: Requirements For Mosquito Vitellogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Diets for Mosquitoes

Gonzales

Hansen

2016

IJERPH

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Mosquito-borne diseases are responsible for more than a million human deaths every year. Modern mosquito control strategies such as sterile insect technique (SIT), release of insects carrying a dominant lethal (RIDL), population replacement strategies (PR), and Wolbachia-based strategies require the rearing of large numbers of mosquitoes in culture for continuous release over an extended period of time. Anautogenous mosquitoes require essential nutrients for egg production, which they obtain through the acquisition and digestion of a protein-rich blood meal. Therefore, mosquito mass production in laboratories and other facilities relies on vertebrate blood from live animal hosts. However, vertebrate blood is expensive to acquire and hard to store for longer times especially under field conditions. This review discusses older and recent studies that were aimed at the development of artificial diets for mosquitoes in order to replace vertebrate blood.

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“…The storage of blood results in a depletion of glucose, which causes a destabilisation of erythrocyte cell membrane and hemolysis [ 31 ]. In addition, Rhipicephalus sanguineus was shown to have cheliceral sensilla that are very sensitive to glucose [ 32 ] and a saline solution containing glucose in combination with ATP or glutathione (GSH) was shown to induce a feeding response in the soft tick Ornithodoros tholozani [ 33 ]. We therefore hypothesized that an increase in the glucose concentration of the blood supplied to the ticks could have a beneficial effect on the feeding rate and repletion mass of D. reticulatus ticks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of an artificial tick feeding assay for Dermacentor reticulatus

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe development of standardized in vitro feeding methods for ixodid ticks has been hampered by their complex feeding behaviour and the long duration of their blood meal. In this study, we aimed to optimize several parameters for the in vitro feeding of adult Dermacentor reticulatus.MethodsTicks were fed on heparinized bovine blood collected at a slaughterhouse, using a modified silicone membrane feeding assay. Effects on tick feeding and fecundity of different blood meal treatments (freezing, irradiation, addition of antibiotics), ambient conditions (increased CO2 concentration) and phagostimulant use (addition of 2 g/l and 4 g/l glucose to the blood meal) were systematically evaluated.ResultsAlthough fungal growth occurred more frequent in feeding units of ticks fed on defrosted blood, the attachment rate, engorgement mass and fecundity of females fed on defrosted blood did not significantly differ from that of ticks fed on fresh blood. A reduction in the fecundity of female D. reticulatus ticks was observed when ticks were fed with gamma-irradiated blood or untreated blood compared to blood treated with gentamycin. Both the engorgement mass and fecundity increased when ticks were fed at a 5% CO2 level. A non-significant increase in the engorgement mass and engorgement rate of D. reticulatus was observed when blood was supplemented with 4 g glucose per litre compared to 2 g/l.ConclusionAn artificial feeding method was adapted for the feeding of adult D. reticulatus ticks. Of all parameters tested, only the artificial feeding at 5% CO2 levels resulted in a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the engorgement mass and fecundity of female D. reticulatus ticks. The supplementation of blood with antibiotics resulted in a significantly higher tick fecundity in comparison to ticks fed with untreated or irradiated blood.

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Study on cheliceral sensilla of the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) involved in taste perception of phagostimulants

Cited by 16 publications

References 57 publications

Uptake and fecal excretion of Coxiella burnetii by Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor marginatus ticks

Uptake and fecal excretion of Coxiella burnetii by Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor marginatus ticks

Artificial Diets for Mosquitoes

Optimization of an artificial tick feeding assay for Dermacentor reticulatus

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