Study on Blood Tests and Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Thalassemia Trait and Iron Deficiency Anemia

Abstract

Aims: This study aims to determine the influencing factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes by comparing the blood tests and pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with different types of thalassemia minor and iron deficiency anemia.Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted on singleton pregnant women in our hospital from January 2019 to November 2021. Included four study groups αTT group(n=106), βTT group(n=162),TT&IDA group(n=108), IDA group(n=81). The normal pregnant women during the same period were the control group(n=546).Results: The cesarean rate of the four study groups was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the rate of fetal lung maturation in the αTT, βTT and TT&IDA groups was lower. The levels of Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, and MCHC in the four groups were lower, while RDW was significantly higher than that in the control group. The incidence of adverse maternal outcomes in the 4 groups was lower, but the incidence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in the αTT and βTT groups was higher than that in the control group.Conclusions: The results suggest that Mediterranean disease characteristics and IDA have an effect on some adverse maternal outcomes, but don’t increase adverse neonatal outcomes. Women with βTT had more severe anemia. Iron supplementation for pregnant women without anemia will increase the risk of gestational diabetes. It is recommended to regard the Hb level in the first 3 months of pregnancy as a high-risk factor for gestational diabetes and not recommend routine iron supplementation for women with high Hb.