Study of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on the quality of cow dung biogas

Abstract

The objective of this research was to know the effect of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on the quality of cow dung biogas. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a perennial aquatic herb, which belongs to the family Pontedericeae. It is usually found floating freely on the surface of fresh water or can be anchored in mud. Using water hyacinth as a biogas is one of the ways to limit the disadvantageous effects of the plant and to provide a low-cost gas. Seventy five percent cow dung was mixed thoroughly with 25% blended water hyacinth (3:1) and cleaned water was added to form slurry, it was poured through the inlet orifice of a digester. Bacteria and mould counts of the materials were determined before and during digestion. Temperature, pH, of the digesting materials, biochemical and morphological characterization of the isolates were carried out to know the microorganisms responsible for the digestion of the materials. A total of eight (8) bacteria and four (4) fungi were isolated during digestion. The bacteria identified were Escherichia coli, Methanococcus mazei, Enterobacter aerogenes, Clostridium welchii, Methanobacterium ruminantium, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Methanothrix sochngenii, Klebsiella pneumoniae and the fungi isolated included Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor mucedo. The pH of the digesting material was between 5.40 and 7.28. The temperature was from 30°C to 39°C. The result of the biogas analysis was 91.10% methane (CH4), other traced gases was 6.43%, while ammonia (NH 3 ) was not detected. Twenty five percent (25%) water hyacinth added to the seventy five percent cow dung in ratio 3:1 showed that water hyacinth could be mixed with cow dung to improve the methane quality of the biogas. This could contribute to the reduction of environmental pollution.

Association between Biogas Quality and Digester Temperature for Selected Animal Dung-Aided Water Hyacinth Digestion Mixes

“…The association between the temperature and gas quality was positive (as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3), implying that an increase in temperature within the digestion leads to an increase in the quality of gas produced. The results corresponds to those recorded Ntengwe (2010) but are at variance with those recorded by Adegunloye et al (2013). Dobre et al (2014) affirmed that temperature within the digester is critical to the AD process, it has a strong influence on the quality of the produced biogas.…”

Acidogenic fermentation of food waste for volatile fatty acid production with co-generation of biohydrogen

“…It is well known that the optimum pH range for the growth of methanogens is between 6.8 and 7.2, where CH 4 yields are consistent with this range. Methanogenesis removes the semi-final products of anaerobic digestion: H 2 , small organic compounds, and CO 2 without which, a great deal of carbon (in the form of fermentation products) would accumulate in anaerobic environments (Adegunloye et al, 2013;Venkata Mohan, 2009). The VFA consumed for CH 4 production only accounts for a very small amount of COD.…”

Biogas Generation from Co-Digestion Waste Systems: The Role of Water Hyacinth

“…The maximum biogas yield was obtained at TS concentration range 5-10%, C/N of 32.09, and MC of 6%. Somewhere else, Adegunloye et al [58] evaluated the optimal ratio of variation of WH to pig dung to generate the maximum methane amount.…”