Study of water-extractable fractions from South Moravian lignite

Abstract

International audienceLignite can be applied directly in natural form on agricultural fields as a soil conditioner. However, there is little information on leaching of risky compounds by its interaction with water. South Moravian lignite was therefore extracted with water at 25 A degrees C and 2.3 % of water-soluble fractions were obtained from lignite corresponding to 0.3 % of total organic carbon. All ten fractions form aromatic and aliphatic structures with oxygen-containing functional groups such as carboxyl groups, alcohols, ethers, esters, can be characterized as fulvic-like and humic-like substances. According to the XPS spectra, the fractions contain two nitrogen forms, one of which is ascribed to pyrroles and the second is related to protonated amines or quaternary nitrogen. Analysis at molecular level showed that the fractions contain compounds such as benzene carboxylic acids and their derivatives, small aliphatic diacids, fatty acids and polyols. Most of the identified molecules reflect clearly the presence of microbial remains in the lignite structure since microbial activity during coalification is well known. The differences between the individual fractions are negligible, especially after 21 days of extraction. From environmental point of view, it seems that the identified compounds do not represent a toxic risk

Potential Environmental Benefits from Blending Biosolids with Other Organic Amendments before Application to Land

“…that degrade lignin in wood waste can enhance the degradation of persistent organic pollutants such as pentachlorophenol (Mileski et al, 1988). Microbial inhibition in biosolids caused by poor aeration, low pH, or high concentrations of metals may be reduced by mixing the biosolids n/g (Paramashivam et al, 2016b), (Wilén et al, 2004) Pine ( (12) 55 (12) (Enders et al, 2012), (Pereira Calvelo et al, 2011), (Hina et al, 2010) n/a n/a n/a n/a (Zhang et al, 2015) 600 9.6 37.1 0.4 n/a n/a 42.6 n/a n/a n/a n/a Lignite New Vale, New Zealand with organic amendments (Song and Schobert, 1996;Pehlivan and Arslan, 2007;Chassapis et al, 2009;Knowles et al, 2011;Simmler et al, 2013;Doskocil et al, 2015). Xenobiotics can be immobilized or entrapped within the micropores of organic soil amendment (Fetzner, 2000).…”

“…that degrade lignin in wood waste can enhance the degradation of persistent organic pollutants such as pentachlorophenol (Mileski et al, 1988). Microbial inhibition in biosolids caused by poor aeration, low pH, or high concentrations of metals may be reduced by mixing the biosolids with organic amendments (Song and Schobert, 1996; Pehlivan and Arslan, 2007; Chassapis et al, 2009; Knowles et al, 2011; Simmler et al, 2013; Doskocil et al, 2015).…”

Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Using Hydrolyzates of Spruce Sawdust: Comparison of Hydrolyzates Detoxification by Application of Overliming, Active Carbon, and Lignite

“…The most commonly used sorbent for this purpose is active carbon, nevertheless, this detoxification strategy suffers from high cost of the sorbent [ 6 ]. On the contrary, lignite represents a very promising, low-cost, and effective sorbent which has already been used for the treatment of wastewater to remove various organic and inorganic contaminants [ 7 ].…”

The search for organic compounds with TMAH thermochemolysis: From Earth analyses to space exploration experiments

“…The extracted component of the coal sample was influenced by the extraction solvent. Dosko cil [51] studied the water-extractable fractions from South Moravian lignite, and results showed that the main contents of the off-line TMAH thermochemolysis of lignite were aromatic compounds (77% of the total identified molecules), such as benzene carboxylic acids and their derivatives, especially methoxybenzoic acids, and to a lesser extent, methoxybenzenes. The identified aliphatic compounds consisted of short-chain diacids, fatty acids and polyols and were 23% of the identified compounds.…”