Study of visible, NIR, and MIR spectroscopic properties of Er³⁺‐doped tellurite glasses and glass–ceramics

Abstract

In this paper, the structural, thermal, optical, and spectroscopic properties of Er 3+ -doped tellurite glasses with the composition 68.25TeO 2 -19.5ZnO-9.75X-2.5Er 2 O 3 (in mol%) with X = BaO, Na 2 O, and Bi 2 O 3 are reported. The glasses were prepared using the standard melt quenching method. The investigated glasses exhibit low phonon energy (∼745 cm −1 ) and low glass transition temperature varying between 300 and 350 • C depending on the glass composition. The Raman spectra show a regular tellurite structure with variations in the number of bridging and non-bridging oxygens depending on the glass composition, the Na 2 O and Bi 2 O 3 -containing glasses having the most and the least polymerized network, respectively. A thermal treatment of the glasses leads to the formation of crystals, the composition of which depends on the glass composition, as revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis and confirmed using scanning electron microscope-energydispersive spectroscopy. The precipitation of Er-containing crystals in the Na 2 O and BaO-containing glasses leads to an increase in the intensity of the upconversion emissions. Although the Er 3+ ions remain in the amorphous part of the Bi 2 O 3 -containing glass after heat treatment, it is the precipitation of Bi 3.2 Te 0.8 O 6.4 crystals in this glass, which is thought to decrease the distance between the Er 3+ ions leading to an increase in the intensity of the upconversion and mid-infrared emissions.

Effect of La2O3 on the optical, thermal, structural and radiation shielding properties of TeO2–ZnO–BaO glasses

“…Glasses are good choice of materials for drawing as fibers. Among the family of glasses, tellurites with their higher refractive indices and broad transmission range well into the infrared has formed a material of choice in recent decades [1][2][3][4][5]. These have lower melting temperatures and high thermal stability, paving the way for fiber formation.…”

Spectroscopic Properties of Er3+ Doped in Zinc Lithium Calcium Potassiumniobate Phosphate Glasses

“…Rare-earth ions doped glass-ceramics are important materials for optical fibers, wave guide lasers, sensors and optical amplifiers [1][2][3][4][5].Oxide glasses are the most stable host matrices for practical applications due to their high chemical durability and thermal stability [6][7][8][9][10].Phosphate glasses are extremely attractive materials for linear and non-linear application in optics, due to their important aspects such as their low melting temperature, low phonon energy, high refractive index, high dielectric constant, good chemical durability, high thermal stability, good solubility of rare earth ions [11][12][13][14][15][16].The addition of heavy metal oxide to phosphate glasses decreases the phonon energy. Thus, leads to increase in its quantum efficiency of luminescence from the exited state of rare earth ions .Er 3+ doped rare earth doped glasses considerable literature has recently emerged concerning the structure, optical, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties [17][18][19][20]. In this work, the spectroscopic properties of Er 3+ -doped (45-x): P 2 O 5 :10ZnO:10Li 2 O:10CaO:10K 2 O:15Nb 2 O 5 :xEr 2 O 3 (where x=1, 1.5,2 mol %) glasses were investigated.…”