Study of two plants used in traditional medicine in Zimbabwe for skin problems and rheumatism: Dioscorea sylvatica and Urginea altissima

Cogne, A.; Marston, Andrew; Mavi, S.; Hostettmann, Kurt

doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00347-0

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Histamine was detected essentially according to the method described by Cogne et al [7]. Yam tubers (40 g) were extracted with methanol (100 ml).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ekpedeme, Bassey, and Ekaete [35] reported that high levels of antinutrients, such as oxalate and HCN, are known to be very poisonous to humans. Further, it is possible that the sharp needles of calcium oxalate are themselves responsible for acridity, inflammation and swelling of tongue, mouth and throat [7,36]. Calcium oxalate raphides cause microtraumatisms and granulomtous lesions might develop [37].…”

Section: Toxicity In Wild Yamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are reported as good sources of essential dietary nutrients [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Study reports have also pointed out that a few yam species contain some toxic compounds and can impart serious health complications [7,[13][14][15][16]. Some species of wild yams, particularly wild forms, are toxic and/or unpalatable, taste bitter and cause vomiting and diarrhea when large amount are ingested without proper processing or if eaten raw [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bitterness and Toxicity in Wild Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Tubers of Nepal

Bhandari

Kawabata

2005

Plant Foods Hum Nutr

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Wild yams make a significant contribution to diets of tribal people in Nepal. However, these wild tubers are unpalatable, taste bitter, produce inflammation and show occasional toxicity. Four wild yam species, which are eaten after primary treatment by Nepali aborigines, were analyzed for bitter and toxic principles. Bitter components were identified as furanoid norditerpenes (diosbulbins A and B). Diosbulbins A and B were found in the range of 0.023-0.046 and 0.151-0.442 g kg(-1), respectively. Results demonstrated that diosbulbin B, with an average value of 0.314 g kg(-1), was the principal bitter compound as compared to diosbulbin A (0.037 g kg(-1)). The toxic alkaloid, dioscorine and histamine (an allergen) were not detected in these tubers, whereas cyanogens (as HCN equivalent) content were found ranging from 3.2 to 6.0 ppm. Our results revealed that Nepali wild yam tubers are not toxic varieties, as they do not contain either toxic dioscorine or histamine and cyanogens contents were satisfactorily below the safety limits. The inflammation and occasional toxicity observed could possibly be due to the presence of high level of oxalate in these tubers. Domestic cooking methods were found to be very efficient in removing bitterness, thus making the bitter yams palatable.

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“…Histamine was detected essentially according to the method described by Cogne et al [7]. Yam tubers (40 g) were extracted with methanol (100 ml).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Toxicity In Wild Yamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bitterness and Toxicity in Wild Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Tubers of Nepal

Bhandari

Kawabata

2005

Plant Foods Hum Nutr

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“…The use of starch from edible tubers has adversely affected food chain most especially in some tropical and subtropical countries where those tubers are their essential dietary nutrient and staple foods [21][22][23]. Although, there are other non-edible tubers that could be used for industrial purposes, the non-availability of adequate information on their properties has limited their usefulness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dioscorea dumetorum Pax as an Alternative Starch Source for Industrial Applications

O¹,

J²,

C³

et al. 2017

IOSR JAC

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“…No fewer than 3 000 plant species are used for medicinal purposes in South Africa (Cogne et al, 2001;Vasisht et al, 2016). In general, about 350 species are used and traded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Combretum Hereroense and Canthium Mundianum Water Extracts on Production and Expression of Interleukin-4

Samie

Madzie

2016

AJTCAM

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Background: Combretum hereroense and Canthium mundianum are two plants commonly used by traditional healers in the Northern region of Limpopo, South Africa for the treatment of diarrhea and inflammation. In the present study, the effects of their water extracts on the production and expression of interleukin-4 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC'S) from HIV positive and negative individuals was evaluated. Materials and methods: Blood samples were collected from both HIV positive and HIV negative volunteers and were used for the purification of Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The PBMCs were cultured together with the water extracts after activation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for three days. Solid-phase sandwich ELISA (MABTECH) kit was used to detect IL-4 on un-stimulated and stimulated PBMC'S with phytohemaglutinin (PHA) and plant extracts, followed by the isolation of RNA using RNAesy Qiagen mini kit from the cells. Reverse transcriptase real time PCR was used to evaluate IL-4 gene expression by the cells. Results: Combretum hereroense showed higher production of IL-4 at three different concentrations and a significant expression of mRNA with 4-fold amplification increase at 300µg/ml and 2-fold amplification increase at 20µg/ml. Canthium mundianum also showed increased production of IL-4 at 300µg/ml, but inhibited its production at 20µg/ml. Both extracts showed no expression at 50µg/ml. The response of the PBMCs from HIV negative individuals was more pronounced than that of HIV positive individuals who mostly increased production of IL4 at smaller concentrations unlike their HIV negative counterparts. Although in vitro studies do not necessarily predict in vivo outcomes, the plant extracts modulated the immune system by enhancing the production and expression of IL-4 in both HIV-and HIV+ individuals at different concentrations. Conclusions: For the first time we have shown that the immunomodulatory effect of medicinal plants may depend on the clinical status of the individual. The present study revealed that the effect of the water extracts from the two plants on IL-4 expression and production is dependent on the microbiological state of the individual and is dose dependent. Further studies are needed to identify the active components in the extracts and also characterize the patients further for a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of these extracts.

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Study of two plants used in traditional medicine in Zimbabwe for skin problems and rheumatism: Dioscorea sylvatica and Urginea altissima

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Bitterness and Toxicity in Wild Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Tubers of Nepal

Bitterness and Toxicity in Wild Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Tubers of Nepal

Dioscorea dumetorum Pax as an Alternative Starch Source for Industrial Applications

Effects of Combretum Hereroense and Canthium Mundianum Water Extracts on Production and Expression of Interleukin-4

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