Study of tissue engineered vascularised oral mucosa-like structures based on ACVM-0.25% HLC-I scaffold in vitro and in vivo

Abstract

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of constructing tissue-engineered vascularised oral mucosa-like structures with rabbit ACVM-0.25% HLC-I scaffold and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) and vascular endothelial-like cells (VEC-like cells). Method: Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence, 5ethynyl-2 0-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were performed to detect the growth status of cells on the scaffold complex. After the scaffold complex implanted into nude mice for 28 days, tissues were harvested to observe the cell viability and morphology by the same method as above. Additionally, biomechanical experiments were used to assess the stability of composite scaffold. Results: Immunofluorescence and Immunohistochemistry showed positive expression of Vimentin, S100A 4 and CK, and the induced VEC-like cells had the ability to form tubule-like structures. In vitro observation results showed that HGFs, HGECs and VEC-like had good compatibility with ACVM-0.25% HLC-I and could be layered and grow in the scaffold. After implanted, the mice had no immune rejection and no obvious scar repair on the body surface. The biomfechanical test results showed that the composite scaffold has strong stability. Conclusion: The tissue-engineered vascularised complexes constructed by HGFs, HGECs, VEC-like cells and ACVM-0.25% HLC-I has good biocompatibility and considerable strength.

CGF-HLC-I repaired the bone defect repair of the rabbits mandible through tight junction pathway

“…The HLC-BMP sponge prepared by Zhuoyue C ( Chen et al, 2019 ) et al can release growth factors, and it has been confirmed that it has an osteogenic induction effect in a rat calvarial defect repair model. The results of our previous study suggested that the combination of CGF and 0.75% HLC-I did not affect its good biocompatibility ( Zhou et al, 2020 ). Consistent with the above findings, our study prepared different concentrations of CGF-HLC-I (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.00%) composite biomaterials by complex cross-linking CGF with different concentrations of HLC-I.…”

“…Therefore, it needs to be compounded with other biomaterials to improve biomechanical properties. Type I collagen is the main organic component that constitutes the extracellular matrix of bones ( Du et al, 2000 ; Hong et al, 2011 ; Hempel et al, 2012 ; Zhou et al, 2020 ). Due to its excellent biocompatibility, human-like collagen has been used to composite with biomaterials to construct different biomaterial scaffolds, such as bones and blood vessels ( Hu et al, 2008 ).…”

Trends of regenerative tissue engineering for oral and maxillofacial reconstruction in veterinary medicine

“…Regarding soft tissue, Qian et al revealed that combining leptin, silk fibrin, and polydopamine improves oral mucosa healing and triggers blood vessel regeneration in New Zealand rabbits ( 195 ). In addition, regeneration of oral mucosa has been previously simulated in nude mice with skin defects implanted with a human gingival endothelial cells (HGECs)-human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs)-vascular endothelial cells (VECs)-acellular vascular matrix (ACVM)-0.25% human-like collagen I (HLC-I) complex ( 204 ). In such study, investigators found that the scaffold complex had a regenerative effect based on the presence of epithelioid-like, lamina propria-like, and vascular-like structures observed on histopathological analysis.…”

“…Several animal studies were presented with beneficial outcomes of investigated technologies. However, some products are not intended for veterinary patients ( 179 , 195 , 196 , 199 – 201 , 204 , 205 ). Given the high success rates of OMF tissue engineering reported in experimental animal models and selected clinical cases, tissue engineering for OMF defect repair appears to be a viable alternative in veterinary medicine.…”

The application of composite scaffold materials based on decellularized vascular matrix in tissue engineering: a review

“…In addition, decellularized vascular matrix can be used for oral mucosa repair [ 95 ], bone tissue engineering [ 96 , 97 ], nerve repair [ 98 ], bile duct reconstruction [ 99 ], etc.…”