Study of Thyroid Profile by Using Ultra Sensitive 3^rd Generation Thyroid Assay in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

Objectives: There is a greater propensity for occurrence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A study was conducted to find out the prevalence and distribution of thyroid disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. An attempt was made to evaluate the relationship between glycemic control and occurrence of altered thyroid functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and methods: The study material consisted 150 patients with known type 2 diabetes mellitus or newly detected type 2 diabetes mellitus without known thyroid disorders. 3rd generation TSH assay was utilised to screen the patients with diabetes to know the status of thyroid profile. Results: Among 150 cases of Type 2 diabetes 43(28.67%) had abnormal thyroid functions. Of these 23(15.34%) had subclinical hypothyroidism 16 (10.66%) overt hypothyroidism and 2(1.33%) each had subclinical and overt hypothyroidism. Thyroid disorders were noted more commonly among those having diabetes over a period of 5 years. There was a significant correlation between abnormal thyroid profile and family history of diabetes, BMI and serum lipid profile. There was significant co relation between diabetic control and abnormal thyroid profile. Conclusion: Screening has to be performed to detect the presence of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients as the progression to overt thyroid dysfunction is associated with significant morbidity including the adverse effects on glycemic control, and lipid profile.