Study of the toxicity in industrial soils by the bioluminescence assay

Goicolea, A.; Barrio, Ramón J.; Balugera, Zuriñe Gómez de; Gorostiza, I.; Vicente, Aurélie; Díaz, A.

doi:10.1080/10934529809376766

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Detection of contaminants, sorbed to dust particles, using bacterial biosensors requires close contact between the bacterial cells and the particulate matter, while retaining the ability to recover the bacterial cells to measure the toxicity response. Previous studies in the use of solid phase techniques have been applied in the determination of toxicity of contaminated soils and sediments (Benton et al 1995;Rö nnpagel et al 1995;Dombroski et al 1996;Ringwood et al 1997;Goicolea et al 1998). Contaminant toxicity in dust will be affected by the type of dust, while quenching of light due to the colour of the sample solution and the presence of suspended particles may affect bioluminescence (Benton et al 1995;Brower et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ecotoxicological screening of Kenyan tannery dust using a luminescent-based bacterial biosensor

Mwinyihija

Strachan

Rotariu

et al. 2006

International Journal of Environmental Health Research

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Ecotoxicological screening of dust sampled throughout a Kenyan tannery was conducted using a luminescence (lux)-based bacterial biosensor for both solid and liquid assays. This was complemented by chemical analysis in an attempt to identify possible causative toxic components. The biosensor results showed a highly significant (p < 0.001) difference in both solid and liquid phase toxicity in samples collected from various identified sampling points in the tannery. A positive correlation was observed between results of the solid and liquid phase techniques, for most of the sampling points indicating that the toxic contaminants were bioavailable both in the solid and liquid state. However, the results generally indicated toxicity associated with liquid phase except certain areas in solid phase such as chemical handling, buffing area and weighing. The most toxic tannery area identified was the weighing area (p < 0.001), showing the lowest bioluminescence for both the solid (0.38 +/- 2.21) and liquid phases (0.01 +/- 0.001). Chromium was the metal present in the highest concentration indicating levels higher than the stipulated regulatory requirement of 0.5 mg Cr/m3 for total Cr (highest Cr concentration was at chemical handling at 209.24 mg l(-1)) in all dust samples. The weighing area had the highest Ni concentration (1.87 mg l(-1)) and the chemical handling area showed the highest Zn concentration (31.9 mg l(-1)). These results raise environmental health concerns, as occupational exposure to dust samples from this site has been shown to give rise to elevated concentrations (above the stipulated levels) of chromium in blood, urine and some body tissues, with inhalation being the main route. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK, and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH) and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), USA stipulates an occupational exposure limit of 0.5 mg Cr/m3 (8 h TWA) for total chromium. However, schedule 1 of Controls of substances hazardous to health (COSHH) regulations developed by HSE, indicate 0.05 mg m3 (8 h TWA reference periods) to be the limit for Cr (VI) exposure. The exposure limit for individual (e.g., Cr, Zn, Ni etc.) contaminants (homogeneity) was not exceeded, but potential impact of heterogeneity (multi-element synergistic effect) on toxicity requires application of the precautionary principle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ecotoxicological screening of Kenyan tannery dust using a luminescent-based bacterial biosensor

Mwinyihija

Strachan

Rotariu

et al. 2006

International Journal of Environmental Health Research

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“…Bioluminescence-based bioassays have not been specifically applied to the direct, in situ toxicity assessment of soil or sediment slurries, however, because the solid phase will quench the light emitted by test bacterium. Tests using V. fischeri that allow contact of the bacterium with the solid phase before the separation of cells from soil for the measurement of bioluminescence, however, have been reported [15][16][17]. In these tests, cells were applied to a sediment suspension, and bioluminescence was measured after the removal of sediments by either filtration [15] or centrifugation [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these tests, cells were applied to a sediment suspension, and bioluminescence was measured after the removal of sediments by either filtration [15] or centrifugation [16]. Such solid-contact tests may provide a more sensitive assessment of soil toxicity than corresponding soil aqueous extract tests [17], but difficulties concerning the differential adsorption of the test bacterium to sediments of different particle-size composition [15,18] and the quenching of bioluminescence by soil-solution components [19] have been reported. This makes interpretation of results and comparisons between soils and sediments difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SOIL, TOXICANT, AND A lux-MARKED BACTERIUM DURING SOLID PHASE–CONTACT TOXICITY TESTING

Shaw¹,

Beaton²,

Glover³

et al. 2000

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Abstract-Bioluminescence-based, solid-contact toxicity assays allow test bacterium and toxicant to interact at the solid-solution interface. A lux-marked bacterium, Burkholderia sp. RASC, and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) were used to characterize these interactions. In the basic bioassay, cells were added to soil slurries containing 2,4-DCP (0-120 g ml Ϫ1 ). After 15 min, soil was removed by centrifugation, and bioluminescence in the supernatant was determined. Investigation of 2,4-DCP adsorption to soil revealed that sorption was linear and not significantly (p Ͼ 0.1) affected by the presence of Burkholderia cells. The numbers of culturable Burkholderia cells in the assay supernatant were 48.2 to 64.8% of the inoculum and independent of the soil weight. The effect of soil on 2,4-DCP toxicity was investigated by comparing soil aqueous extract and contact assays. The percentage bioluminescence for the contact assay was consistently higher than the extract assay at all test concentrations, and counts of viable Burkholderia cells were enhanced by the presence of 2,4-DCP in the contact assay. Expressing results as specific bioluminescence decreased the variability in response and the discrepancy in results between the two protocols. We suggest that solid-contact assays need improvement to ensure defined contact between cells and solid phase, and that the reporting of specific activity should be emphasized.

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“…The effective concentration of chemical or test sample causing a 50% inhibition of light (EC50) after a specified period of time (e.g., 15 min) is reported [3]. Use of the Microtox bioassay has been extensive and has included evaluation of many chemicals in aqueous solution [4-8], contaminated groundwaters and wastewaters [9-12], and aqueous and organic extracts of contaminated soils and sediments [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

INFLUENCE OF SALINITY ON VIBRIO FISCHERI AND lux-MODIFIED PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS TOXICITY BIOASSAYS

Cook¹,

Chu²,

Goodman³

2000

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Abstract-This study compares the toxicological response of the marine bacteria Vibrio fischeri and a lux-modified soil and freshwater bacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens, to saline contamination alone and in the presence of chromium and phenol. Saline solutions are more toxic to P. fluorescens than V. fischeri, and salinity can stimulate luminescence in V. fischeri. Vibrio fischeri is about 10 times more sensitive than P. fluorescens to chromium and phenol. However, the response of P. fluorescens to these toxicants is sensitive to changes in saline contamination, while the response of V. fischeri is not. Therefore, the P. fluorescens bioassay may be a more appropriate bioassay organism than V. fischeri when evaluating the toxicological impact of salinity within saline environmental samples.

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Study of the toxicity in industrial soils by the bioluminescence assay

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Ecotoxicological screening of Kenyan tannery dust using a luminescent-based bacterial biosensor

Ecotoxicological screening of Kenyan tannery dust using a luminescent-based bacterial biosensor

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SOIL, TOXICANT, AND A lux-MARKED BACTERIUM DURING SOLID PHASE–CONTACT TOXICITY TESTING

INFLUENCE OF SALINITY ON VIBRIO FISCHERI AND lux-MODIFIED PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS TOXICITY BIOASSAYS

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