Study of the spring and autumn daemon-flux maxima at the Baksan Neutrino Observatory

Abstract

Detection of daemons in low-background conditions in September 2005 andMarch 2006 has provided supportive evidence for the expected to occur at that times maxima in the flux of daemons with V ≈ 10-15 km s -1 , which hit the Earth from near-Earth, almost circular heliocentric orbits (NEACHOs). The ability of some FEU-167-1 PM tubes with a thicker inner Al coating to detect directly (without a scintillator) daemon passage through them has also been demonstrated, an effect increasing 100-fold the detector efficiency. As a result, the daemon flux recorded at the maxima was increased from ~10 -9 to ~10 -7 cm -2 s -1 . At the maxima, two phases in the observed flux can be discriminated. The first of them is associated with objects which catch up with the Earth in moving in outer NEACHOs and cross it. The intensity and direction of the flux during this phase which lasts about two weeks depend on the time of day and latitude of observations (therefore, synchronous measurements in the Northern and Southern Earth's hemispheres are desirable). In the second phase, where the flux consists primarily of few objects captured into geocentric, Earth-surface-crossing orbits (GESCOs) during the first phase, the daytime and latitude dependence becomes less pronounced. The experiments suggest an explanation for the fairly poor reproducibility of our earlier ground-level measurements (subtle differences in PMT design, varying radon background etc.). All the experimental results thus obtained either support the conclusions following from the daemon paradigm or find a simple interpretation within it.

Daemons and DAMA: Their celestial–mechanics interrelations

“…We assume also the angle between the straight line lying in the ecliptic plane and normal to the apex direction and the equinox line to be about 10°; as the Earth moves along its orbit, it crosses first this line, and after that, the equinox line. This order of crossing fits our measurements of the positions of the maxima in the primary daemon flux (Drobyshevski, 2005a;Drobyshevski and Drobyshevski, 2006), which occur some time in the first decade of March or September (and incidentally coincides with A = 258° for the Solar apex relative the interstellar gas). is the angle of deviation from the initial velocity V ∞ direction after the first passage through the Sun; α 2 is the angle of deviation from the same direction after the second passage.…”

Observation of the March maximum in the daemon flux from near-Earth orbits in the year 2005: new efforts and new effects

“…Strange as this might seem, it is significant that the 30 µs maximum in the experiment with the PM tube screened for nearly 5 days, rather than dropping, even increased somewhat. The statistics involved here are naturally poor, so that further experiments with PM tubes screened from the scintillators are under way in the Baksan Neutrino Observatory, yielding support for this view [16]. Starting with the astrophysics, the following features have been shown.…”

“…We readily see that this interval encompasses the possible values of V fall from NEACHOs with a large margin. (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) March; N ( t) for the interval -100 µs < t < +100 µs, 3,6,7,7,7,3,10,5,4,10) and March 2005 (three modules 1, 2 and 24; 5-25 March; N ( t) for the interval-100 µs < t < 100 µs, 14,17,15,18,20,20,25,15,15,18). The 30 µs maximum in the total distribution exceeds the mean level by 33 events and has a significance of 3.63σ (confidence level, greater than 99.97%) (see also text).…”

Daemons: Detection at Pulkovo, Gran Sasso and Soudan

“…The system was exposed during a week from March 19 through 26, 2011 (actually six living days, with consideration for interruptions in its operation), when, according to our previous measurements [2,10] the flux intensity of NEACHO objects is close to the maximum value.…”

“…Channel 21 mostly records primary NEACHO objects falling onto the Earth from above downwards. In March, many of their trajectories in SPb are directed nearly perpendicularly to the Earth's surface[2,10]. Channel 2 records objects passing through the Earth and scattered by its gravitational field.…”