Study of the shock-induced acceleration of hexane droplets

Kobiera, A.; Szymczyk, J.; Wolański, P.; Kuhl, A. L.

doi:10.1007/s00193-008-0184-4

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Furthermore, once the combustion process is going, it may become even more violent due to micro-mist formation as a result of the drag on liquid particulates by the faster-flowing gas 24) .…”

Section: Differences: Combustion Mechanism Of Particulate Explosionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Fire and Explosion Hazards of Particulates

Lemkowitz

Pasman

2014

KONA

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Particulate fires and explosions cause substantial loss of life and property. With the goal of understanding, preventing, or at least mitigating particulate fire and explosion hazards, we review basics. We distinguish between 'hazard' and 'risk' and discuss the fire and explosion hazards of particulates, the many factors determining such hazards, hazard indexes, and ways to reduce fire and explosion hazards. While our primary goal is to improve safety, we briefly discuss how fundamental knowledge can be extracted from weapon technology based on particulate combustion. We review the prevention of and protection against particulate explosions and discuss ongoing and future research.

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Section: Differences: Combustion Mechanism Of Particulate Explosionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Fire and Explosion Hazards of Particulates

Lemkowitz

Pasman

2014

KONA

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“…However, the focus has been laid on the droplet deformation and cavity collapse. As in other shock tube experiments 10,11 , more detailed information is difficult to be measured due to the limitations of measurement techniques, e.g. evolutions of shock strength and Mach number, droplet volume fraction, response timescales and interphase coupling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in Refs. 7,8,9,10,11 , which are mainly focused on shock attenuation or droplet breakup. Secondly, the evolutions of the two-phase interactions are discussed in detail, which allows detailed demonstrations of the unsteady process with novel two-phase flow phenomena, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the interactions between a propagating shock wave and evaporating water droplets

Huang

Zhang

2020

Physics of Fluids

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One-dimensional numerical simulations based on hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian approach are performed to investigate the interactions between propagating shock waves and dispersed evaporating water droplets in two-phase gas-droplet flows. Two-way coupling for interphase exchanges of mass, momentum and energy is adopted. Parametric study on shock attenuation, droplet evaporation, motion and heating is conducted, through considering various initial droplet diameters (5-20 μm), number densities (2.5 × 10 11 -2 × 10 12 /m 3 ) and incident shock Mach numbers (1.17-1.9). It is found that the leading shock may be attenuated to sonic wave and even subsonic wave when droplet volume fraction is large and/or incident shock Mach number is low. Attenuation in both strength and propagation speed of the leading shock is mainly caused by momentum transfer to the droplets that interact at the shock front. Total pressure recovery is observed in the evaporation region, whereas pressure loss results from shock compression, droplet drag and pressure gradient force behind the shock front. Recompression of the region between the leading shock and two-phase contact surface is observed when the following compression wave is supersonic. After a critical point, this region gets stable in width and interphase exchanges in mass, momentum, and energy. However, the recompression phenomenon is sensitive to droplet volume fraction and may vanish with high droplet loading. For an incident shock Mach number of 1.6, recompression only occurs when the initial droplet volume fraction is below 3.28 × 10 -5 .

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“…In the current implementation, we convert the Al particles to a liquid at T l = 932 K. Once in the liquid phase, the droplets quickly form a micromist due to intense accelerations by the gas phase, as was demonstrated by Kobiera et al [15] for hexane droplets. At this point the liquid is assumed to be in velocity and temperature equilibrium with the gas phase, and we assume that the micromist is susceptible to diffusive combustion (limited by the oxidizer supply rate) below the boiling point of Al (≈2300 K).…”

Section: Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Heterogeneous Continuum Model of Aluminum Particle Combustion in Explosions

Kuhl

Bell

Beckner

2010

Combust Explos Shock Waves

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A heterogeneous continuum model is proposed to describe the dispersion and combustion of an aluminum particle cloud in an explosion. It combines gasdynamic conservation laws for the gas phase with a continuum model for the dispersed phase, as formulated by Nigmatulin. Interphase mass, momentum, and energy exchange are prescribed by the phenomenological model of Khasainov. It incorporates a combustion model based on mass conservation laws for fuel, air, and products. The source/sink terms are treated in the fast-chemistry limit appropriate for such gasdynamic fields, along with a model for mass transfer from the particle phase to the gas. The model takes into account both the afterburning of the detonation products of the booster with air and the combustion of the Al particles with air. The model equations are integrated by high-order Godunov schemes for both the gas and particle phases. Numerical simulations of the explosion fields from 1.5-g shock-dispersed-fuel charges in 3 different chambers are performed. Computed pressure histories are similar to measured waveforms when the ignition temperature model is employed. The predicted product production is 10-14% greater than that measured in the experiments. This fact can be ascribed to unsteady ignition effects not included in the modeling. EXPERIMENTSWe model experiments of shock-dispersed-fuel (SDF) explosions in various chambers. The SDF charge consisted of a 0.5-g spherical PETN booster surrounded by a paper cylinder (Fig. 1); the void volume of 1.6 cm 3 was filled with 1 g of flake aluminum with a bulk density of 0.604 g/cm 3 . The SDF charge was placed at the center of a barometric calorimeter, a circular cylinder of the following dimensions:• L = 21cm, D = 20 cm, L/D = 1.05, and V = 6.6 liters for calorimeter A;• L = 30 cm, D = 30 cm, L/D = 1.0, and V = 21.2 liters for calorimeter B;• L = 37.9 cm, D = 36.9 cm, L/D = 1.03, and V = 40.5 liters for calorimeter C. Fig. 1. Charge construction: (a) 0.5 g PETN booster;(b) Al-SDF charge: 1) paper cylinder; 2) PETN booster charge (0.5 g; 0.5 cm 3 ); 3) loosely packed powdered fuel (1 g; 1.6 cm 3 ).Detonation of the booster charge created a blast wave that dispersed the Al powder and ignited the ensuing Al-air mixture, thereby forming a two-phase combustion cloud embedded in the explosion. Afterburning

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Study of the shock-induced acceleration of hexane droplets

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

A Review of the Fire and Explosion Hazards of Particulates

A Review of the Fire and Explosion Hazards of Particulates

On the interactions between a propagating shock wave and evaporating water droplets

Heterogeneous Continuum Model of Aluminum Particle Combustion in Explosions

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