Study of the Removal of Basic Blue-41 from Simulated Wastewater By Activated Carbon Prepared from Discarded Jute Fibre

Abstract

In this work, we reported a facile hydrothermal process to fabricate activated carbon (AC) from waste jute fibre. Sequential chemical and thermal activation have been introduced to form a highly functionalized and porous structure. The prepared AC was characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), and Raman Spectroscopy. A hierarchical porous 3D cage-like microstructure was observed from FESEM. Non-linear highly disordered structure and low crystallinity were confirmed by XRD and Raman Spectroscopy. The synthesized AC was then used for batch adsorption study for the removal of an industrial toxic dye, basic blue 41 (BB41). The dependence of the adsorption process on different factors e.g., pH, contact time, and initial concentration has been investigated to find the optimum process conditions. At pH 8, maximum removal of 90 % was achieved. The adsorption was rapid for the first 30 minutes and reaches equilibrium at 70 minutes. Adsorption kinetics were interpreted by pseudo 1st and 2nd order kinetics, and it was best demonstrated by the later one. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were linearized with experimental data; maximum adsorption capacity of 161.30 mg/g was calculated from the Langmuir model, which depicts the actual adsorption capacity.

Phosphoric acid surface modified Moringa oleifera leaves biochar for the sequestration of methyl orange from aqueous solution: Characterizations, isotherm, and kinetics analysis

“…Both raw and activated biochar demonstrated two‐phase sorption, e.g., high sorption initial phase and low sorption later phase, which is identical to other reported biochars for the sequestration of different dye and metal species (Chu et al, 2020; Kwak et al, 2019; Zeghioud et al, 2022). In the initial phase, the biochar surface has abundant active sites (Liu et al, 2022), promoting the interaction of pollutants molecules with the sorption sites (Roy et al, 2022); these sites become saturated with time, leading to decreasing sorption of MO molecules (Aichour et al, 2022).…”

Synthesis, Characterization and Sorption Properties of Biochar, Chitosan and ZnO-Based Binary Composites towards a Cationic Dye

“…For kinetic studies, pseudo-1st and pseudo-2nd were used [31]. At the initial stage of sorption, the free active sites of the sorbents promote the rapid capturing of MB molecules (Figure 3B) [104]; these sites become saturated with time [105], which leads to decreasing sorption of MB molecules [106].…”

Surface Functionalization of Bioactive Hybrid Adsorbents for Enhanced Adsorption of Organic Dyes

“…Numerous treatment methods have been deployed, including (a) physical methods, such as physical sorption, ion exchange, and membrane filtration [6][7][8], (b) chemical methods, such as redox treatment, precipitation, and photocatalysis [9], and (c) biological methods, such as aerobic/anaerobic treatment [5,10]. Among 2 of 22 these treatment methods, adsorption is particularly considered one of the most attractive methods due to its high efficiency, simplicity, low cost, low energy consumption, and recyclable nature [6,[11][12][13][14] Through extensive research, various materials [15,16] have been studied as dye-removal adsorbents, including activated carbons [17], biochar [18,19], zeolites, alumina, silica gel, graphene oxide [20], natural materials (wood, coal, chitin/chitosan, clay), industrial/agricultural/domestic wastes, and nanomaterials [21][22][23][24]. Adsorption potential of nanomaterials (spherical ZnO, chitosan and ZnO modification) [24,25] for a wide variety of organic and inorganic contaminants is due to their higher surface area and reactivity.…”