Study of the prevalence of conoid teeth in the unichristus dentistry course population, associated with possible family involvement

Abstract

Conoid teeth are small teeth compared to normal teeth and have a cone shape. During the formation of the enamel organ, the epithelial structure that shapes the tooth, there may be an alteration in the histological pattern, determining a tooth smaller than normal in size. Conoid teeth are usually genetically inherited and this is one of the problems that negatively interfere with smile harmony and also prevents satisfactory occlusion. The objective of this research is to identify the prevalence of conoid teeth present in the population of students of the Dentistry course at the Christus University Center-Unichristus. The methodology involved the participation of students between the ages of 16 and 30, where a nominal list of all students duly enrolled in the Unichristus Dentistry course was used. The type of study is descriptive and transversal. Based on sample calculation, it is estimated necessary to examine a total of 41 patients in order to obtain a sample that represents with 95% confidence the prevalence of this condition in the outlined population. The students were examined clinically at the Dental Clinic of the Centro Universitário Christus Parque Ecológico, and in case of doubt, radiographs were taken to diagnose the existence or not of a restoration on the conoid tooth. Four patients were found to have conoid teeth, 3 female and 1 male, representing a prevalence of 1.3%, and of the 4 patients only 1 had no family involvement for such dental alteration in question. It can be concluded that the prevalence of conoid teeth in the population of students of the Unichristus Dentistry course was 1.3% and that the relatives of most of those affected also had such an alteration, which represents obervationally, a supposed family involvement.

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“…where N = population size [for the finite population correction factor (fpc)]; p = hypothetical % frequency of the outcome factor in the population; z = score; EDFF = design effect; and d= confidence limit as % of 100 (absolute +/-%) (Gontijo et al, 2020).…”