Study of the potential relationship between the morphology of infectious somatic coliphages and their persistence in the environment

Muniesa, Maite; Lucena, F.; Jofre, Juan

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00833.x

Cited by 53 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The somatic coliphages studied showed clear differences in inactivation. Myoviridae were the most sensitive and Siphoviridae, with flexible and curled tails, the most resistant, as reported elsewhere (Dee and Fogleman 1992;Muniesa et al 1999). The somatic coliphages Siphoviridae, with flexible and curled tails, showed the same resistance as the phages of Bact.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…These results indicate that, when somatic coliphages are used as model organisms with an indicator function, the data obtained with laboratory strains should be carefully interpreted and it should also be taken into account that the composition of the bacteriophage populations varies when coliphages from sewage or recently polluted water bodies and from waters self-depurated to various extents are studied, as reported elsewhere (Dee and Fogleman 1992;Muniesa et al 1999;Yanko et al 1999). These observations are useful in understanding the ecology of somatic coliphages as a group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…2000;Telliard et al 2000), are a heterogeneous group that comprises Myoviridae, Siphoviridae, Podoviridae and Microviridae (Franki et al 1991). All of these phages are detected by these standardized methods in sewage and Myoviridae and Siphoviridae are by far the most abundant (Ackermann and Nguyen 1983;Muniesa et al 1999). All F-specific RNA bacteriophages belong to the family Leviviridae (Franki et al 1991) and, although they may differ in certain features (Furuse 1987), they constitute a homogeneous group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal and inactivation of indicator bacteriophages in fresh waters

et al. 2002

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Aims:The removal and inactivation of faecal coliform (FC) bacteria, enterococci (ENT), sulphite-reducing clostridia (SRC), somatic coliphages, F-specific RNA bacteriophages and bacteriophages infecting Bacteroides fragilis in fresh waters. Methods and Results: Removal was studied in two areas of a river. The results showed different removal of each group of microbes. Faecal coliform bacteria were removed faster than any other, whereas SRC and bacteriophages infecting Bact. fragilis were the most persistent. Inactivation was measured by 'in situ' experiments, which showed significant differences in survival of the different groups of bacterial and bacteriophage indicators. The SRC and bacteriophages were more resistant than faecal coliforms and enterococci, with the exception of F-specific RNA bacteriophages in the summer. Inactivation experiments with pure cultures of bacteriophages confirmed that phage B40-8 of Bact. fragilis was the most resistant. Conclusions: Bacteria and bacteriophages show different resistance to natural inactivation. The use of phages allows information to be obtained in addition to that provided by bacterial indicators. Somatic coliphages and phages infecting Bact. fragilis might supply that indicator function. Significance and Impact of the Study: Confirmation was obtained that bacteriophages provided additional information to that provided by bacterial indicators to monitor the natural inactivation of viruses and/or pathogens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal and inactivation of indicator bacteriophages in fresh waters

et al. 2002

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“…Somatic coliphages exhibited significant differences. However, the Myoviridae and Siphoviridae are the most abundant groups in sewage (23), and the resistance to heat of phages like MY2, a member of the Myoviridae, and SR51, a member of the Siphoviridae, explains the low level of inactivation of naturally occurring somatic coliphages. These differences indicate that the results of this sort of experiment performed with a single phage cannot be extrapolated to all phages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of Bacterial Indicator Species and Bacteriophages after Thermal Treatment of Sludge and Sewage

Mocé-Llivina

Muniesa

Pimenta-Vale

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

137

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The inactivation of naturally occurring bacterial indicators and bacteriophages by thermal treatment of a dewatered sludge and raw sewage was studied. The sludge was heated at 80°C, and the sewage was heated at 60°C. In both cases phages were significantly more resistant to thermal inactivation than bacterial indicators, with the exception of spores of sulfite-reducing clostridia. Somatic coliphages and phages infecting Bacteroides fragilis were significantly more resistant than F-specific RNA phages. Similar trends were observed in sludge and sewage. The effects of thermal treatment on various phages belonging to the three groups mentioned above and on various enteroviruses added to sewage were also studied. The results revealed that the variability in the resistance of phages agreed with the data obtained with the naturally occurring populations and that the phages that were studied were more resistant to heat treatment than the enteroviruses that were studied. The phages survived significantly better than Salmonella choleraesuis, and the extents of inactivation indicated that naturally occurring bacteriophages can be used to monitor the inactivation of Escherichia coli and Salmonella.

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“…Most known somatic coliphages detected by the host strains recommended in the standardized methods and found in municipal wastewater belong to the Myoviridae, Siphoviridae, Podoviridae, and Microviridae families [13,14]. F-specific bacteriophages, also known as sexual coliphages or male-specific bacteriophages, infect bacteria through the sex pili, which are coded by the F plasmid that was first detected in E. coli K-12.…”

Section: Coliphagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coliphages as Model Organisms in the Characterization and Management of Water Resources

Torroella

Gutiérrez

Blanch

et al. 2016

Water

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Two groups of bacteriophages that infect Escherichia coli, somatic and F-specific coliphages, have been used in academia as both fecal and viral indicators for many years. Regulatory authorities in different parts of the world are beginning to consider coliphages as indicators of water quality in a range of settings. However, issues such as their potential replication in natural water environments, the cumbersome detection and enumeration methods, a lack of definition concerning which of the two groups should be included in future regulations, and the lack of a clear correlation between coliphages and human viruses and health risks in different water settings remain controversial. This review attempts to shed some light on these contentious issues. The conclusions are that: 1) supposing that they can replicate in some natural water settings, the contribution of coliphages replicated outside the gut will not affect the numbers contributed by fecal pollution and detected by strains recommended for standardized methods; 2) there are easy, fast, and cost-effective methods that can be used in routine laboratories after a little training; 3) perhaps the best option is to determine both groups in a single step; and 4) the low correlation of coliphages with human viruses and health risks is no worse than the correlation between different human viruses.

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Study of the potential relationship between the morphology of infectious somatic coliphages and their persistence in the environment

Cited by 53 publications

References 34 publications

Removal and inactivation of indicator bacteriophages in fresh waters

Removal and inactivation of indicator bacteriophages in fresh waters

Survival of Bacterial Indicator Species and Bacteriophages after Thermal Treatment of Sludge and Sewage

Coliphages as Model Organisms in the Characterization and Management of Water Resources

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