Study of the Potential for Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons within Smear Zone Soils

Talley, Jeffrey W.; Zhang, Xiangru; Waisner, Scott A.; Ringelberg, David B.; Hansen, Lance

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2004)130:11(1401)

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Overall, these results suggest a strong correlation between the presence of oxygen in the porewater and reductions in PAH concentrations in the column soil. Other column studies have reported similar spatial distribution of contaminants with respect to oxygen presence/absence after short-term biosparging (Adams and Reddy 2003; Talley et al 2004). …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Long-term simulation of in situ biostimulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil

et al. 2012

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A continuous-flow column study was conducted to evaluate the long-term effects of in situ biostimulation on the biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil from a manufactured gas plant site. Simulated groundwater amended with oxygen and inorganic nutrients was introduced into one column, while a second column receiving unamended groundwater served as a control. PAH and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations, as well as microbial community profiles, were monitored along the column length immediately before and at selected intervals up to 534 days after biostimulation commenced. Biostimulation resulted in significantly greater PAH removal than in the control condition (73% of total measured PAHs vs. 34%, respectively), with dissolution accounting for a minor amount of the total mass loss (~6%) in both columns. Dissolution was most significant for naphthalene, acenaphthene, and fluorene, accounting for >20% of the total mass removed for each. A known group of PAH-degrading bacteria, ‘Pyrene Group 2’ (PG2), was identified as a dominant member of the microbial community and responded favorably to biostimulation. Spatial and temporal variations in soil PAH concentration and PG2 abundance were strongly correlated to DO advancement, although there appeared to be transport of PG2 organisms ahead of the oxygen front. At an estimated oxygen demand of 6.2 mg O2/g dry soil and a porewater velocity of 0.8 m/day, it took between 374 and 466 days for oxygen breakthrough from the 1-m soil bed in the biostimulated column. This study demonstrated that the presence of oxygen was the limiting factor in PAH removal, as opposed to the abundance and/or activity of PAH-degrading bacteria once oxygen reached a previously anoxic zone.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Long-term simulation of in situ biostimulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil

et al. 2012

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“…ID split-barrel samplers fitted with a butyrate liner and driven with a 140 lb hammer dropped from 30 in (Talley et al, 2004). Sample material was mostly homogenous and comprised primarily of medium sands with some fines.…”

Section: Sample Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of lipid biomarkers in support of bioremediation efforts at army sites

Ringelberg

Richmond

Foley

et al. 2008

Journal of Microbiological Methods

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Lipid biomarker analysis has proven valuable in testing the hypothesis that attributes of the extant microbiota can directly reflect the occurrence of contaminant biodegradation. Two past research efforts have demonstrated this utility and are described here.A 4.5 m vertical core was obtained from a diesel fuel oil contamination plume. Core material was assayed for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and bacterial membrane phospholipids (PLFA) via a single solvent extraction. Microbial viable biomass and the relative abundance of Gram-negative bacterial PLFA biomarkers were found to be significantly correlated with TPH concentration. The core TPH profile also revealed two distinct areas where the average TPH level of 3000 μg g − 1 fell to near detection limits. Both areas were characterized by a three-fold decrease in the hexadecane/pristane ratio, indicating alkane biodegradation, and a distinct PLFA profile that showed a close similarity to the uncontaminated surface soil. Low-order, incomplete detonations can deposit hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) into training range surface soils. Since surface soils are exposed to temporal and diurnal moisture cycles, we investigated the effect two very different soil moisture tensions had on the in situ microbiota and RDX biodegradation. Saturated soils were characterized by rapid RDX biodegradation, 4 day half-life, a decrease in number of species detected and increase in PLFA biomarkers for Gram-negative proteobacteria (n16:1ω7c, n18:1ω9c, and n18:1ω7c) and Gram-positive firmicutes (i15:0 and a15:0). Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) profiles of endpoint microbial communities indicated a shift from 18 to 36% firmicutes, the loss of gamma-proteobacteria and the emergence of alpha-proteobacteria.These two past research efforts demonstrated the utility of the lipid biomarker analysis in identifying microbial community characteristics that were associated with two very different soil contaminants. Lipid biomarkers defined areas of TPH biodegradation and identified community shifts as a result of soil conditions that affected explosives fate. Information like this can be used to enhance the predictive power of ecological models such as the Army Training and Testing Area Carrying Capacity for munitions model [ATTACC]. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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“…On average, 31% and 27% of the initial mineral oil was removed during a 3-and 4-month of aerobic incubation while 44% and 15% of the initial mineral oil was treated during a 12-and 10month anaerobic incubation, respectively. Talley et al (2004) studied bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons within smear zone soils. Results indicated that Gram-positive bacteria and fungi were associated with the in situ TPH biodegradation and the biodegradation rates of bioventing and biosparging for the specific site were dramatically different.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hazardous Waste Treatment Technologies

Khan¹,

Huang²,

Reed³

2005

Water Environment Research

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This review focuses on hazardous waste treatment technologies published in 2004 and consists of two main parts: (1) biological treatment and (2) physical and chemical treatment. BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT Aerobic Processes. Johnson et al. (2004) investigated the effects of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) on the MTBE oxidizing activity of Mycobacterium vaccae JOB5. MTBE enhanced MTBE oxidation in cells grown on organic acids, compounds that are commonly found in anaerobic, gasoline-contaminated environments. Maliyekkal et al. (2004) evaluated the performance of benzene, toluene, and xylene degradersunder substrate versatility conditions. The degree of degradation was in the following order: toluene > benzene > xylene. Nicholson and Fathepure (2004) examined the biodegradation of benzene by halophilic and halotolerant bacteria under aerobic conditions. The enrichment, which was dominated by Marinobacter spp., was able to mineralize benzene. Pruden and Suidan (2004) evaluated the effect of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) mixture on biodegradation MTBE and tertbutyl alcohol (TBA) by pure culture UC1. The BTEX mixture did not affect either the rate 2145 or the lag period of MTBE or TBA degradation, except that increases in the TBA degradation rate in the presence of BTEX were occasionally observed. Shi et al. (2004a) examined the biodegradation of natural and synthetic estrogens by nitrifying activated sludge and ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea. Significant degradation of estrone (E1), 17beta-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and ethynylestradiol (EE2) by both cultures was observed. Microbial degradation of estrogens using activated sludge and night soil-composting microorganisms was studied (Shi et al., 2004b). Both cultures almost completely degraded natural estrogens E1, E2, and E3 from initial concentrations of 20-25 mg L -1 , while synthetic estrogen, EE2, was not degraded. Yoshimoto et al. (2004) studied the degradation of estrogens by Rhodococcus zopfii and Rhodococcus equi isolates from activated sludge in wastewater treatment plants. Both isolates completely and rapidly degraded 100 mg of E1, E2, E3, and EE2 L -1 . Chang et al. (2004a) isolated two aerobic phthalic acid ester (PAE) degrading bacteria strains, DK4 and O18 from river sediment and petrochemical sludge, respectively. The two strains rapidly degraded PAE with shorter alkyl-chains while PAE with longer alkyl-chains was poorly degraded. Itrich and Federle (2004) conducted batch activated-sludge die-away studies to determine the effect of ethoxylate number and alkyl chain length on the kinetics of biodegradation of linear alcohol ethoxylates. Ethoxylate number had little effect on the first-order rates for primary biodegradation while alkyl chain length had a larger effect. Aerobic biodegradation of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) and their degradation intermediates in seawater was examined (Leon et al., 2004).Fournier et al. (2004) studied the biodegradation of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) ...

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Study of the Potential for Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons within Smear Zone Soils

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Long-term simulation of in situ biostimulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil

Long-term simulation of in situ biostimulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil

Utility of lipid biomarkers in support of bioremediation efforts at army sites

Hazardous Waste Treatment Technologies

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