MoO 2 nanocrystals were prepared by solvothermal treatment of a Mo chloromethoxide at 250 • C in oleic acid. The monoclinic MoO 2 phase, with a mean crystallite size of 29 nm, formed through reduction of molybdenum bronzes. The as-prepared MoO 2 nanocrystals were free from organics, allowing their use in photodegradation tests of organic pollutants (methylene blue, rhodamine B, paracetamol), without any preliminary purification treatment of the nanocrystals. It was found that MoO 2 was an efficient adsorbent of methylene blue (43 mg g − 1 for 1.5 × 10 − 4 M concentration) in the dark and an efficient photodegradation catalyst under visible light (all methylene blue removed from the solution after 240 min). From the analysis of the combined photodegradation tests of rhodamine B and paracetamol, it was clarified that direct sensitization was responsible for photodegradation. This finding was related to the work function value of metallic MoO 2 , placed at more negative values if compared with other metallic materials.