Study of the of Morphological Variations among some Ocimum Species and Subspecies Grown in Sudan

Abstract

This study was conducted to differentiate among Ocimum species and subspecies grown in Sudan on basis of growth analysis. Seven different plant materials were used in this experiment. The layout of the experiment was Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates; treatments were the Ocimum species and subspecies. Growth parameters wereevaluated in terms of plant height, number of branches per plant, fresh biomass per plant (g) & productivity (ton / hectare), moisture content of leaves, Number of days to start of flowering and Number of weeks from sowing to maturity. Data collected were statistically analyzed The highest plant height (115.1cm) was obtained from O. basilicum L. (Baladi), while thelowest plant height (64.7 cm) was obtained from O. americanum L. (Wild).The highest number of branches per plant (859) was obtained from O. americanum L. (Wild), while the lowest number of branches per plant (386) was obtained from O. basilicum L. (Green). There were no significant differences among spp. for the fresh biomass per plant and productivity of fresh biomass (ton/ hectare); the highest values 1349 g / plant and 48.1 ton /hectare were recorded from O. basilicum L. (Baladi) and the lowest values 494 g/plant and 17.6 ton / hectare were recorded from O. americanum L. (Lime). The highest moisture content of leaves (86%) was obtained from O.basilicum L. (Green), while the lowest moisture content (78%) was obtained from O. tenuiflorum L. (Clove). The shortest number of days to start of flowering (39 days) and the shortest number of weeks to maturity (21.5 weeks) were obtained from O. americanum L. (Wild), while the latest start of flowering (113 days) and the latest maturity (53.7 weeks) was obtained from O. basilicum var. thyrsiflorum L. (White).

Robust Tracking Control for Quadrotor UAV With External Disturbances and Uncertainties Using Neural Network Based MRAC

“…The necessity of defining those reference frames is because of 1) aerodynamics forces and torques are manipulated with respect to BF, 2) on-board builtin sensors measure quantities with their respective reference frame, for instance, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) gives readings with respect to BF whereas GPS gives readings with respect to IF, and 3) Newton laws are valid in IF only. Therefore, projection matrices are required to transform quantities between the two frames and derive a system governing equations according to a single reference frame [27]. Coordinate frames transformation is used to transform quantities between the two reference frames.…”