Study of the Interrelationship of Salt Solutions, Erum and Defibrinated Blood in the Treatment of Severely Scalded, Anesthetized Dogs

Moyer, Carl A.; Coller, Frederick A.; Iob, Vivian; Vaughan, Herbert H.; Marty, Doris

doi:10.1097/00000658-194409000-00008

Cited by 55 publications

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“…But improved blood flow does not result, as cardiac output measurements (11) and capillary microscopy of omental vessels 7 indicate. The evidence does not contra- 7 Unpublished data. AA0 dict the above postulate, which can only be tested by an agent which maintains unrestricted capillary inflow while increasing venous pressure.…”

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confidence: 98%

Traumatic Shock. X. The Treatment of Hemorrhagic Shock Irreversible to Replacement of Blood Volume Deficiency 1

Frank¹,

Seligman²,

Fine³

1945

J. Clin. Invest.

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Since loss of blood volume is the initiating factor common to most types of traumatic shock, the therapeutic problem has been studied experimentally primarily from this point of view. Confusing or complicating factors, such as local trauma and the sepsis of trauma and anesthetics including barbiturates, have been eliminated by limiting the experimental method to simple hemorrhage in the unanesthetized animal, with or without morphine. Shock, so induced and maintained, exhibits all the classical phenomena expected and is responsive within certain variable limits of time and levels of blood pressure, to the restoration of all the shed blood. If the shock state is treated effectively first by a replacement of the blood volume deficiency, the shock is said to be "reversible" and as such does not represent a problem of challenging import.

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confidence: 98%

Traumatic Shock. X. The Treatment of Hemorrhagic Shock Irreversible to Replacement of Blood Volume Deficiency 1

Frank¹,

Seligman²,

Fine³

1945

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…He attributed the acidosis to dehydration and shock, and suggested 1.3% sodium bicarbonate for its treatment. Sodium bicarbonate was also suggested by Moyer et al (1944) after an experimental study in dogs. Reiss et al (1953) suggested that Ringer-lactate solution might "offset the tendency towards acidosis that is frequently seen in the early postburn period."…”

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confidence: 99%

Metabolic acidosis in burns.

Peaston¹

1968

BMJ

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Incidentally, it may be noted that Dogger Bank itch, a hazard of trawler fishermen, first described by Bonnevie (1948) and subsequently by Newhouse (1966) and Schilling et al. (1966), was found to be due to a marine animal, Alcyonidium hirsutum or Alcyonidium gelatinosum.Since the summer of 1967 one of the men investigated has purchased an American-manufactured "Hydroslave automatic pot hauler." This device is fitted to the boat and raises the lobster pots mechanically after the marker float has been lifted, by hand, out of the water and attached to the machine. Manual hauling on the ropes is unnecessary. Our first patient has installed a small capstan in his boat to haul up the pots mechanically. SummaryDermatological lesions may be seen in lobster fishermenthese are chiefly the result of physical and chemical trauma and infection. One case of sensitization to the " diatom weed " which collects on the lobster-pot ropes is recorded. It seems likely that the active constituent of this weed is Fragilaria striatula.We would like to thank Dr. J. Lloyd Lewis for his assistance in this work.

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“…This suggests that in the therapy of the various forms of shock associated with high hematocrit, the correction of blood volume deficiency is more important than the correction of viscosity. Replacement of lost plasma by red cells or whole blood has been recommended (19); i.e., that burns should be best treated by whole blood. This suggestion should be regarded with caution for unless the blood volume deficiency is adequately replaced and maintained, the rising blood viscosity produced by such therapy may exert a deleterious effect on cardiac output.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Shock. Xii. Hemodynamic Effects of Alterations of Blood Viscosity in Normal Dogs and in Dogs in Shock 1

Seligman

Frank²,

Fine³

1946

J. Clin. Invest.

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Striking differences have been noted between dogs in hemorrhagic and in tourniquet shock (1). In both types, there is a reduction in blood volume, but the hematocrit and blood viscosity, which remain substantially unchanged in hemorrhagic shock, increase in tourniquet shock. At a blood pressure level of 80 to 100 mm. Hg, the dog in hemorrhagic shock is only mildly depressed and is still responsive to ordinary stimuli; whereas, in tourniquet shock he is already severely depressed, unresponsive to strong stimulation, much more sensitive to further slight blood loss, and is in a state of rapid deterioration. When the pressure falls below 70 to 80 mm. Hg in tourniquet shock, the collapse is precipitous; whereas, the unanesthetized dog in hemorrhagic shock can tolerate a blood pressure of 50 mm. Hg for many hours. These differences have been explained on the basis of a toxin from devitalized tissue (2, 3) or bacteria (4) in the tourniqueted extremity. The successful treatment of tourniquet shock in the unanesthetized dog by plasma infusion alone (1) constitutes evidence against the "toxin" hypothesis.Since the increase in blood viscosity in tourniquet shock is one of the outspoken differences between tourniquet and hemorrhagic shock, the effect of increased blood viscosity on blood flow in the intact and shocked animal was investigated to see how far it might explain the sharp disparity between these two types of shock. METHODAccording to Poiseuille's equation (5) that the formula can be used to relate viscosity to blood flow through the perfused isolated hind limb of the dog.In the intact animal, therefore, blood flow (or cardiac output) may be considered to be determined by the mean arterial pressure, a constant, and the total peripheral resistance (TPR). The TPR is the product of blood viscosity (v) and the peripheral resistance (R) which is dependent upon the number, length, and diameter of the blood vessels. The data obtained in the following experiments represent an effort to quantitate all the factors in Poiseuille's equation. The cardiac output, the mean arterial pressure and the blood viscosity (X) were measured, while the constant and peripheral resistance (R) were determined indirectly. With such data the effect of blood viscosity on total blood flow can be evaluated.(a) Determination of peripheral resistance (R)Total peripheral resistance (TP R) in the animal as a whole is ordinarily calculated from the formula TP R = Pressure

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Study of the Interrelationship of Salt Solutions, Erum and Defibrinated Blood in the Treatment of Severely Scalded, Anesthetized Dogs

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Traumatic Shock. X. The Treatment of Hemorrhagic Shock Irreversible to Replacement of Blood Volume Deficiency 1

Traumatic Shock. X. The Treatment of Hemorrhagic Shock Irreversible to Replacement of Blood Volume Deficiency 1

Metabolic acidosis in burns.

Traumatic Shock. Xii. Hemodynamic Effects of Alterations of Blood Viscosity in Normal Dogs and in Dogs in Shock 1

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