Study of the influence of the characteristics of different acid solids in the catalytic pyrolysis of different polymers

Marcilla, A.; Gómez-Siurana, Amparo; Berenguer, D.

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2005.12.018

Cited by 85 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…All these features can be ascribed to a catalytic effect of MCM-41 in the degradation process of PE. While the catalytic effect of the inorganic material in the decomposition of polymers was also observed with several zeolites [16,28,29], MCM-41 materials appear to be more active in this process, probably due to their larger pore diameters [30]. These results suggest that the recycling of the nanocomposites at the end of their lifetime service, by reutilisation in chemical processes or in the production of liquid fuels, would be more favourable [14,31].…”

Section: Thermal Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 69%

Hybrid HDPE/MCM-41 nanocomposites: Crystalline structure and viscoelastic behaviour

Cerrada

Pérez

Lourenço

et al. 2010

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials

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a b s t r a c tPolyethylene-based nanocomposites have been prepared by in situ polymerisation of ethylene with mesostructured MCM-41 within a large range of nanofiller concentrations. The structural, thermal and viscoelastic studies have shown that the use of mesoporous MCM-41 as catalyst carrier and its further presence in the final material is an effective route for the successful attainment of nanocomposites. Data shows that minimal changes in crystallinity are observed but crystallites become thicker as MCM-41 content is raised in the nanocomposites. A confinement effect is found and a delay in the crystallisation process of the macrochains within pores and channels is observed. These novel self-reinforced nanocomposites present an enhanced rigidity, which becomes more important as temperature is raised. Accordingly, they exhibit an improved mechanical performance without varying the final processing temperature since T m is the same for all of the specimens. In agreement with other works, it is confirmed that the MCM-41 acts as promoter for polyethylene degradation, an easier degradability being observed in these nanocomposites.

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Section: Thermal Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 69%

Hybrid HDPE/MCM-41 nanocomposites: Crystalline structure and viscoelastic behaviour

Cerrada

Pérez

Lourenço

et al. 2010

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials

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“…This fact can be attributed to the concentration of the hydrocarbon molecules with higher accessibility to the acid sites to be cracked in the gasoline range (C 5 -C 12 ). Higher concentrations of polypropylene in the load of PP/vaseline can increase the access to the acid sites within the pores of the catalyst and, at the same time, increase the concentration of polymer chains which can undergo scission at the end of the chain when they come into contact with the external surface of the catalyst, as in the studies of Marcilla et al (2006) and . Therefore, higher concentrations of PP in the load, in the presence of the high activity catalyst (H.A.…”

Section: Analyses Of the Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 6 shows the behavior of the cracking of loads of vaseline and PP/vaseline (2.0 and 4.0% wt), in relationship to the gasoline, diesel and residue products. Marcilla et al (2006) reported in their work that zeolites show excellent properties as catalysts for the pyrolysis of plastic waste. They cause an important reduction in the decomposition temperature and allow more valuable gaseous products to be obtained.…”

Section: Catalytic Cracking Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the 4.0% wt PP/vaseline load produced around 30% and 61% by wt of liquid and gaseous combustibles, respectively. Marcilla et al (2006) and Xie et al (2008) mentioned that the catalytic cracking of polymers (specifically polypropylene) usually uses solid-acid catalysts. However, this process in the presence of zeolites is limited by strong steric hindrance, due to both the bulky nature of the polypropylene and the small size of the zeolite micropores, producing, at the end, higher yields of gases and liquids and higher concentrations of branched hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Determination Of the Gaseous Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kaolin and commercial fcc catalysts in the cracking of loads of polypropylene under refinary conditions

Ribeiro

Júnior

Costa

2013

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-The efficiency of Commercial FCC catalysts (low, medium and high activities) was evaluated by the catalytic cracking process of combined feeds of polypropylene (PP) and vaseline, using a microactivity test unit (M.A.T.) for the production of fuel fractions (gasoline, diesel and residue). The PP/vaseline loads, at 2.0% and 4.0% wt, were processed under refinery conditions (load/catalyst ratio and temperature of process). For the PP/vaseline load (4.0% wt), the production of the gasoline fraction was favored by all catalysts, while the diesel fraction was favored by PP/vaseline load (2.0% wt), showing a preferential contact of the zeolite external surface with the end of the polymer chains for the occurrence of the catalytic cracking. All the loads produced a bigger quantity of the gaseous products in the presence of highly active commercial FCC catalyst. The improvement in the activity of the commercial FCC catalyst decreased the production of the liquid fractions and increased the quantity of the solid fractions, independent of the concentration of the loads. These results can be related to the difficulty of the polymer chains to access the catalyst acid sites, occurring preferentially end-chain scission at the external surface of the catalyst.

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“…In order to increase the activity, a heteroatom needs to be introduced into the framework of the structure [11,12]. Among these, aluminum was incorporated to the mesoporous structure to create Bronsted acid sites and the synthesized catalysts were successfully used in degradation of polymers [7,13,14]. Heteropoly acid (HPA) compounds are known for their strong Bronsted acidity and high proton mobility and hence being used in a variety of reactions [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizations and Catalytic Activities Investigation of Synthesized Solid-Based Heterogeneous Catalysts in the Esterification Reaction

Şimşek¹,

Mürtezaoğlu²

2018

Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology-a Applied Sciences and Engineering

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Mesoporous materials functionalized with STA(Silicotungstic acid) have been proved to be efficient catalysts for esterification reactions. In the investigation, impregnation method was applied for the synthesis of STA/MCM-41 catalysts. MCM-41 and STA(Silicotungstic acid) were used to silica source and active material respectively. The active material was loaded by dryimpregnation method after silica source. Molar ratios of catalysts were determined by 1.25, 2.5 and 5% (W/Si). Actually, this molar ratio values are very low for the impregnation method. But catalysts were successfully synthesized by applying impregnation method. And catalytic activities of STA/MCM-41 catalysts were investigated with an ethyl acetate reaction. On the other hand, the second reaction of STA/MCM-41(2.5%) catalyst was carried out in the presence of under identical conditions after the first reaction. Before and after reactions, the physical properties of the catalysts were determined by XRD, DRIFT, BET, SEM and Mapping analysis methods.

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Study of the influence of the characteristics of different acid solids in the catalytic pyrolysis of different polymers

Cited by 85 publications

References 24 publications

Hybrid HDPE/MCM-41 nanocomposites: Crystalline structure and viscoelastic behaviour

Hybrid HDPE/MCM-41 nanocomposites: Crystalline structure and viscoelastic behaviour

Kaolin and commercial fcc catalysts in the cracking of loads of polypropylene under refinary conditions

Characterizations and Catalytic Activities Investigation of Synthesized Solid-Based Heterogeneous Catalysts in the Esterification Reaction

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