Study of the Impact of a High-Speed Railway Opening on China’s Accessibility Pattern and Spatial Equality

Yang, Jun; Guo, Andong; Li, Xueming; Tai, Huang

doi:10.3390/su10082943

Cited by 71 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Then in 1959, Hansen studied the impact of accessibility on land use [4]. Transport fairness, brought about by the development of the transport network, is closely related to many social issues, such as the number of jobs available and the time spent in public transport [5]. Accessibility has been gradually recognized as an indicator of transport fairness [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Fairness and Changes in Transport Infrastructure in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Area from 1976 to 2016

Gao

Cao

2019

Sustainability

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The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau area (QTP) is the most unique environmental-population region and an important natural laboratory for the study of human-land relations. The poor transportation conditions have long restricted socio-economic development. The research on the transport infrastructure and spatial effect in the QTP is of significance to the sustainable development of the region. Accordingly, a spatial accessibility model was used to analyze the spatial pattern of accessibility in QTP from 1976–2016, examine the accessibility evolution trend on the township scale and reveal the spatial fairness and changes in accessibility. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The accessibility to major cities improved and the time-space convergence effect was significant. (2) The spatial autocorrelation analysis results showed that the improvement in transport infrastructure had a significant impact on the agglomeration of the accessibility level. (3) Access time from towns to the nearest major city are much shorter. More Tibetan people have more opportunities to access cities. (4) The accessibility coefficient and relative accessibility revealed distributive effects and spatial fairness of accessibility. (5) The global coefficient of variation value demonstrated an increasing trend, which indicates that spatial unfairness of transport is increasing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Fairness and Changes in Transport Infrastructure in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Area from 1976 to 2016

Gao

Cao

2019

Sustainability

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“…The emission generated by this international air travel can be obtained by multiplying the emission factor ω. It should be noted that due to limited airline arrangements to the tourism destination [18], some passengers must take multiple trips to get to Palau and Seychelles. For example, passengers from Europe and Oceania have to make one stop in one of the Asian airports (TPE, NRT, MFM, ICN, MNL).…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Cost of Biofuel Use to Mitigate International Air Transport Emissions: A Case Study in Palau and Seychelles

et al. 2019

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International air transport is one of the fast-growing sources of CO2 emissions. However, it has always been omitted from the international emission mitigation pledges. The delayed mitigation process in this area may slow down the process of global CO2 emission control. In this article, we evaluated the potential to realize the emission mitigation targets in air transport through biofuel and estimated the corresponding cost. The emission from international air transport of Palau and Seychelles was taken as the example. Then, the emission caused by each airline to these two islands was calculated by the distance-based method, with information of the travelers’ arrival data, fuel consumption of different aircraft types, routes, and aircraft seat data. Future scenarios with and without commitment to CO2 mitigation targets were predicted to evaluate the emission difference. Then, we estimated the amount of biofuel required to fill the emission gap, and the corresponding cost based on the future biofuel price prediction. The results show that distance is the determining factor of international air transport emission per capita. The component of origin can decrease the aggregated emission per capita to small island destinations by 0.5–2%. The accumulated emission gaps are 3.15 Mt and 9 Mt for Palau and Seychelles, which indicates that 7.64 and 19.34 Mb of biofuel are needed for emission mitigation, respectively. The corresponding costs are $27–163 million and $72–424 million per year.

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“…More than 10 flights were cancelled after the opening of the corresponding HSR service, eg., Zhengzhou-Xi'an, Nanjing-Wuhan, and Wuhan-Nanchang, and air transport traffic decreased 60% and 40% respectively on the Changsha-Guangzhou corridor (707 km) and the Wuhan-Guangzhou corridor (1069 km) after the opening of the Wuhan-Guangzhou HSR in December 2009. HSR has greatly improved traffic accessibility [3], forming a new trend for traveling between cites [4,5]. According to the "Railway '13th Five-Year' development plan" [6], a "eight vertical and eight horizontal trunk line" of more than 30,000 km will be constructed by 2020, which will cover more than 45% of air transport routes and 65% of the air transport market.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability Development of High-Speed Rail and Airline—Understanding Passengers’ Preferences：A Case Study of the Beijing–Shanghai Corridor

et al. 2019

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With the rapid construction of high-speed railways (HSR), the supply structure of the transportation modes in China has changed greatly. In order to seek the sustainable development of HSR and air transport from the perspective of passenger mode choice behavior, this paper applied a binary logit model to explore the mode choice patterns in the Beijing–Shanghai corridor, which has the most successfully operated HSR line in China. By using the data collected in airports and HSR stations in the two cities, passenger flow composition and passenger mode choice behavior was analyzed. It was found that passengers’ preference for air transport decreases with the accompanying number of passengers and access time, and increases with income; female passengers and younger passengers have a higher probability of choosing air transport, ceteris paribus; and leisure passengers are more price-sensitive, they tend to travel by air transport when the air transport prices are lower. The study results reveal the travel characteristics of passengers between Beijing–Shanghai and provide information for policy design and infrastructure management.

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Study of the Impact of a High-Speed Railway Opening on China’s Accessibility Pattern and Spatial Equality

Cited by 71 publications

References 65 publications

Spatial Fairness and Changes in Transport Infrastructure in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Area from 1976 to 2016

Spatial Fairness and Changes in Transport Infrastructure in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Area from 1976 to 2016

Estimating the Cost of Biofuel Use to Mitigate International Air Transport Emissions: A Case Study in Palau and Seychelles

Sustainability Development of High-Speed Rail and Airline—Understanding Passengers’ Preferences：A Case Study of the Beijing–Shanghai Corridor

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