Study of the Forbush Decreases, Geomagnetic Storms, and Ground-Level Enhancements in Selected Intervals and Their Space Weather Implications

Badruddin,; Kumar, Anand

doi:10.1007/s11207-015-0665-4

Cited by 41 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…These solar wind streams and their associated structures have been the subject of great interest as they, for example, affect space weather (e.g. see, [10,18,56,65,77]), influence geomagnetic activity (e.g., [40,60,65,75,101,124] and references therein) and ionospheric variations from high to equatorial latitudes [2].…”

Section: Observational and Theoretical Space Physics Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The sun as a significant agent provoking earthquakes

Anagnostopoulos

Rigas

Preka‐Papadema

et al. 2021

Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top.

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In this paper we provide significant evidence that the sun is a principal agent provoking seismic activity. In particular the aim of the studies presented is to examine the possible relation of the coronal hole (CH) driven high speed solar wind streams (HSSs) with seismicity We performed several statistical studies of solar space and seismological data between 1980 and 2017 as well as a study for a long time interval from the year 1900 until the year 2017. (A1) Concerning the period 1980–2017 among other results we found that the earthquakes (EQs) with M ≥ 83 between 2010–2017 (including the catastrophic earthquakes of Japan 2011 (M91) Sumatra 2012 (M86) and Chile 2015 (M83)) occurred during times of large coronal holes as seen by the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) satellite and were related with CH-driven HSSs observed by the ACE spacecraft several weeks or a few months before the EQ occurrences. (A2) Further research on the hypothesis of the possible HSS-EQ relationship revealed a surprising novel finding: a power spectrum analysis suggests that during the decay phase of the SCC22 and SC23 and at the maximum of SC23 the values of the global seismic (M ≥ 6) energy output shows a periodic variation of ~27 days, which is the mean rotational period of the Sun. (A3) Moderate (not strong) storms in general precede the great EQs. (B) The study of the data for the time interval 1900–2017 revealed that: (1) all of the giant (M ≥ 85) EQs occurred during the decay minimum and the rising phase of the solar cycle or in the maximum phase but at times of a strong reduction of the monthly averaged sunspot number: Chile M95 1960 EQ – Alaska M92 1964 EQ – Sumatra M91 2004 EQ (decay phase) Japan M91 2011 EQ (rising phase of the "strange" SC24) (2) the global energy release of all EQs with magnitudes M ≥ 55 show the highest values during the decay phase of the solar cycle and in particular three years after the solar maximum and (3) a very significant negative correlation (rS = −042p < 10−4) was found between the SSN and the number of earthquakes with M ≥ 7 during the period 1930–2010 during times of moderate and high amplitude solar cycles. (C) Another result of our study is that the comparison of the yearly numbers of great (M ≥ 7) EQs with the SSN fails to provide correct statistical results whereas this is possible for the global seismic energy or the giant EQs. (D) Finally we infer that the case and statistical studies presented in this paper strongly suggest a close relation between CH-associated HSSs and seismic activity. We present some observational evidence that most probably Alfvèn waves mediate the interaction of CH-driven HSSs with seismicity.

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Section: Observational and Theoretical Space Physics Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The big EQs are not in general related with CME-driven great storms, but, on the contrary, with CH-driven HSSs (Figs. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: "The Solar-terrestrial Triggering Of Earthquakes Is Insignificant"?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The sun as a significant agent provoking earthquakes

Anagnostopoulos

Rigas

Preka‐Papadema

et al. 2021

Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top.

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“…Geomagnetic storms are associated with near-Earth passage of ICMEs and high-speed solar wind streams. The possibility of forecasting geomagnetic storms by means of FDs was discussed, for instance, in Badruddin and Kumar [31], Kane [32]. In Armano et al [13] and references therein, it was pointed out that FDs were observed in space, for cosmic-ray particles with energies >70 MeV n −1 , when the interplanetary magnetic field intensity exceeded 20 nT while geomagnetic storms occurred only when the B z component of the interplanetary magnetic field was smaller than −20 nT.…”

Section: Weak Fds Observed In Space and Geomagnetic Storm Forecastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Galactic Cosmic-Ray Flux Modulation by Interplanetary Plasma Structures for the Evaluation of Space Instrument Performance and Space Weather Science Investigations

et al. 2019

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The role of high-energy particles in limiting the performance of on-board instruments was studied for the European Space Agency (ESA) Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) Pathfinder (LPF) and ESA/National Astronautics and Space Administration Solar Orbiter missions. Particle detectors (PD) placed on board the LPF spacecraft allowed for testing the reliability of pre-launch predictions of galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) energy spectra and for studying the modulation of proton and helium overall flux above 70 MeV n − 1 on a day-by-day basis. GCR flux variations up to approximately 15% in less than a month were observed with LPF orbiting around the Lagrange point L1 between 2016 and 2017. These variations appeared barely detected or undetected in neutron monitors. In this work the LPF data and contemporaneous observations carried out with the magnetic spectrometer AMS-02 experiment are considered to show the effects of GCR flux short-term variations with respect to monthly averaged measurements. Moreover, it is shown that subsequent large-scale interplanetary structures cause a continuous modulation of GCR fluxes. As a result, small Forbush decreases cannot be considered good proxies for the transit of interplanetary coronal mass ejections and for geomagnetic storm forecasting.

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“…Scattering of cosmic-ray particles by an enhanced turbulent magnetic field in the sheath region between the shock front and the CME or magnetic cloud appears to be the most effective mechanism to produce FD in cosmic rays [12]. A sharp rise in the counts (N) followd by a steep increase in B Z (Fig.8) and V P when the Earth enters the region between the SSC with leading edge of the ICME leading to the FD onset; this may be the region of turbulence.…”

Section: The Solar Wind Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic ray observation at Antarctic Zhongshan Station

Zhang¹,

Zhang²,

Lü³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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By the end of 2014, a cosmic ray muon telescope consisting of two detectors which has 0.5 m × 0.5 m area scintillator was installed at Antarctic Zhongshan Station. It is locate latitude and longitude coordinates of 69.4°S and 76.4°E, respectively, at sea level. The vertical cutoff rigidity of cosmic ray protons at Zhongshan Station is 0.76 GV. The Zhongshan Station muon telescope data shows that there is a significant effect of pressure change with negative correlations. The observation data is sent to China by satellite link and is released through network.

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Study of the Forbush Decreases, Geomagnetic Storms, and Ground-Level Enhancements in Selected Intervals and Their Space Weather Implications

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

The sun as a significant agent provoking earthquakes

The sun as a significant agent provoking earthquakes

Study of Galactic Cosmic-Ray Flux Modulation by Interplanetary Plasma Structures for the Evaluation of Space Instrument Performance and Space Weather Science Investigations

Cosmic ray observation at Antarctic Zhongshan Station

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