Study of the dielectric properties of barium titanate–polymer composites

Pant, H. C.; Patra, Manoj Kumar; Verma, Aditya; Vadera, Sampat Raj; Kumar, Narendra

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2006.02.031

Cited by 110 publications

(76 citation statements)

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“…This peak is due to the vibration of the bond between titanium and oxygen (Ti-O bond) [30][31][32][33]. Region ii, corresponds to a peak at 450 cm -1 approximately, which is caused by vibrations between metal atoms and oxygen (Ti-O and Ba-O bonds) [30,32,34]. Both previous referred regions are not clearly visible in Figure 3 as from their nature these peaks are difficult to be detected [34].…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Region i, is the most important peak for barium titanate and corresponds to wavelength range between 530-700 cm -1 (usually between 560-680 cm -1 ). This peak is due to the vibration of the bond between titanium and oxygen (Ti-O bond) [30][31][32][33]. Region ii, corresponds to a peak at 450 cm -1 approximately, which is caused by vibrations between metal atoms and oxygen (Ti-O and Ba-O bonds) [30,32,34].…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formed plateau in the range 993-370 cm -1 , indicates their presence instead of a clear separation between the two peaks. The most easily detected region iii, corresponds to a wavelength at 1453 cm -1 and has to do with carbonate ion impurities (C-O bond) [30], which ordinarily came from barium titanate's synthesis. Region iv at 859 cm -1 corresponds to bonds between Ba, Ti and O.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: Development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability

Asimakopoulos¹,

Psarras²,

Zoumpoulakis³

2014

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Nanocomposite materials based on two different types of polyester matrix (a commercial type and a laboratory produced one) with embedded barium titanate nano-particles were developed and characterized. Structural and morphological characteristics of the produced composite specimens were studied via X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformation infra red spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Thermal, mechanical and electrical performance was examined via differential scanning calorimetry, bending and shear strength tests, and broadband dielectric spectroscopy, respectively. Mechanical strength appears to reduce with the increase of filler content. Commercial polyester's composites exhibit brittle behaviour, while laboratory polyester's composites exhibit an elastomeric performance. Dielectric data reveal the presence of four relaxation processes, which are attributed to motion of small parts of the polymer chain (!-mode), re-arrangement of polar side groups ("-mode), glass to rubber transition of the polymer matrix (#-mode) and Interfacial Polarization between the systems' constituents. Finally, the energy storing efficiency of the systems was examined by calculating the density of energy. Vol.8, No.9 (2014) 692-707 Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2014.72 * Corresponding author, e-mail: G.C.Psarras@upatras.gr © BME-PT An outstanding position in the group of electroceramics is given to composite materials based on barium titanate. Barium titanate is a wide band gap semiconductive ferroelectric material with perovskite structure which has been of practical importance for over 60 years due to its specific electrical properties. Barium titanate's great significance is expressed in its applications, which include ceramic capacitors, PTCR thermistors (positive temperature coefficient resistors/thermistors or posistors), piezoelectric sensors, optoelectronic devices, transducers, actuators etc. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Furthermore, it is being applied as a capacitive material in dynamic random access memories (DRAM) in integrated circuits. DRAM applications require both high dielectric constant and good insulating properties [10]. Semiconductor memories such as dynamic random access memories (DRAM's) and static random access memories (SRAM's) currently dominate the market. However, the disadvantage of these memories is that they are volatile, i.e. the stored information is lost when the power fails. The non-volatile memories available at this time include complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) with battery backup and electrically erasable read only memories (EEPROM's). These non-volatile memories are very expensive. The main advantages offered by ferroelectric random access memories (FRAM's) include non-volatility and radiation hardened compatibility with CMOS and GaAs circuitry, high speed (30ns cycle time for read/erase/rewrite) and high density (4 (µm) 2 /cell size) [11]. Up to now, the most important utility of BaTiO 3 / polymer composites is ...

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Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: Development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability

Asimakopoulos¹,

Psarras²,

Zoumpoulakis³

2014

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…The presence of BST is observed in the XRD studies because X-rays, having high energy, can penetrate the coated BST particles and reveal the presence of BST. 21 However, the characteristic peak of PANI at 2q ¼ 25.35, due to the (110) plane, is masked by the intense peak of the expanded graphite and appears as a faint shoulder.…”

Section: Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailored polyaniline/barium strontium titanate/expanded graphite multiphase composite for efficient radar absorption

Sambyal¹,

Singh²,

Verma

et al. 2014

RSC Adv.

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The present paper reports the synthesis of a high-performance microwave absorbing material using a simple, cost-effective and scalable method by encapsulating barium strontium titanate (BST) and expanded graphite (EG) in a polyaniline (PANI) matrix. One of the formulations (higher content of BST) shows shielding effectiveness due to absorption of more than 50 dB (>99.9999% attenuation) with minimum reflection loss (#1 dB) in the Ku-band (12.4-18 GHz) frequency range. Another formulation (higher content of EG) shows a total shielding effectiveness of more than 81 dB with a reflection loss of 10 dB. In order to probe the relationship between the observed shielding response and the electromagnetic attributes, dielectric and permeability parameters have been calculated from the measured scattering parameters (S 11 , S 22 , S 12 , S 21 ) using the Nicolson-Ross-Weir algorithm. The synthesised formulations were characterized thoroughly using XRD, FTIR, TGA, UV, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and HRTEM. A. IntroductionElectromagnetic interference (EMI) among various devices such as cellular phones, televisions, weather radars, TV picture transmission, and telephone microwave relay systems 1 is the side-effect of the vast development in electronics and communication industries. Shielding at higher frequency, especially microwave radiation, continues to be a serious concern to ensure unperturbed performance of electronic items and to avoid any adverse effects on human health. To overcome this problem, lightweight EMI shielding materials are needed to protect the workspace and environment from radiation from computers and telecommunication equipment, as well as for protection for sensitive circuits. Conventionally, there are two ways of EMI shielding, either by complete reection or by total absorption of the radiation. Metals are generally employed for reection-based shielding, 2,3 but in the quest of absorptionbased shields, materials should possess optimum conductivity along with a high dielectric value.When electromagnetic radiation is incident on a shield, part of the incident wave is absorbed, some is reected from the surface and the rest is transmitted through the shield. Hence, the total EMI shielding effectiveness (SE T ) is the sum of the contributions from absorption (SE A ), reection (SE R ) and transmission or multiple reections (SE M ). However, when SE T > 10 dB, SE M can be ignored.4,5 Furthermore, the effective absorbance (A eff ) can be described as A eff ¼ (1 À R À T)/(1 À R) with respect to the power of the effectively incident EM wave inside the shielding material, where R and T are the reectance and transmittance coefficients. For a material, the skin depth (d) is the distance up to which the intensity of the EM wave decreases to 1/e of its original strength. d is related to the angular frequency, relative permeability and total conductivity, s T ¼ (s dc + s ac ). According to EM theory, for electrically thick samples (t > d), the frequency (u) dependence of far eld losses can be expressed in terms of...

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“…In short, in view of the fact that these composites having excellent dielectric and mechanical properties can be prepared under lower temperature conditions and can be designed according to specific requirements by tailoring the relative fraction of the filler materials, these systems form the current area of active research activities and have received intensive global attention [4][5][6]. Recently, there has been a great interest in a new generation of composite materials exhibiting high dielectric performance with lower cost, size, weight, and easy processability due to widespread applications for the development of functional materials to fulfil the requirements of cheap, reliable, durable and environment-friendly batteries which are necessary for the most efficient energy storage and conversion device applications [7][8][9][10][11]. Towards a step forward in providing a lead-free perovskite ceramic material having optimal dielectric and piezoelectric properties, Takenaka [12], Wang et al [13], Lam et al [14], as well as the present group of workers [15] reported that the composition (Na 1/2 Bi 1/2 ) 0.94 Ba 0.06 TiO 3 , which is near the morphotropic phase boundary(MPB) composition, is one of the most suited materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical conduction in (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3-PVDF 0-3 composites by impedance spectroscopy

Roy¹

2013

IOSR-JAP

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Study of the dielectric properties of barium titanate–polymer composites

Cited by 110 publications

References 11 publications

Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: Development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability

Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: Development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability

Tailored polyaniline/barium strontium titanate/expanded graphite multiphase composite for efficient radar absorption

Electrical conduction in (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3-PVDF 0-3 composites by impedance spectroscopy

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