Study of Temperature Fields and Heavy Metal Content in the Ash and Flue Gas Produced by the Combustion of Briquettes Coming from Paper and Cardboard Waste

Ibrahim, Harouna Gado; Ouiminga, Salifou K.; Yonli, Arsène H.; Sanogo, Oumar; Daho, Tizane; Koulidiati, Jean

doi:10.3390/recycling3030032

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The amount of nitrogen in the hydrolysate is insufficient to support biomass growth. A recent study [ 49 ] reported a low 0.003% nitrogen content in corrugated carboard acidic hydrolysate. Since high nitrogen concentrations directly increase cell biomass rather than PHA formation [ 50 ], PHA generation and cell proliferation were severely hindered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hyperproduction of Polyhydroxybutyrate Using Bacillus mycoides ICRI89 through Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Affordable Cardboard

2022

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Bioplastics are contemplated as remarkable substitutes for conventional plastics to accommodate green technological advancements. However, their industrial production has not been fully implemented owing to the cost of carbon resources. From another perspective, valorizing different paper mill wastes has become a prominent research topic. These materials may serve as an affording sustainable feedstock for bioplastic production. Adjustment of cardboard waste hydrolysate as suitable fermentation media for production of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) has been investigated. Cardboard samples were defibered and dried before enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzymatic degradation of commercial cellulase was monitored over 15 days. Interestingly, 18.2 ± 0.2 g/L glucose yield was obtained from 50 g cardboard samples using a 1.5% (v/v) enzyme concentration. The samples exhibited maximum weight loss values of 69–73%. Meanwhile, five soil samples were collected from local sites in Lodz, Poland. A total of 31 bacterial isolates were screened and cultured on Nile blue plates. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the most potent producer revealed 100% similarity to Bacillus mycoides. Cardboard hydrolysates whole medium, modified MSM with cardboard hydrolysate and nitrogen depleted MSM with cardboard hydrolysate were utilized for PHA production, followed by PHA productivity and cell dry weight (CDW) estimation compared to glucose as a standard carbon source. An impressive PHA accumulation of 56% CDW was attained when the waste hydrolysate was used as a carbon source. FTIR and NMR analysis of the isolated PHA indicated that functional groups of the polymer were related to PHB (polyhydroxybutyrate). Thermal analysis demonstrates that PHB and PHB-CB (PHB produced from cardboard hydrolysate) have degradation temperatures of 380 and 369 °C, respectively, which reflect the high thermal stability and heat resistance compared to the same properties for a standard polymer. This is the first demonstration of full saccharification of corrugated cardboard paper waste for high-level production of PHA. In addition, the attained PHB productivity is one of the highest levels achieved from a real lignocellulosic waste.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hyperproduction of Polyhydroxybutyrate Using Bacillus mycoides ICRI89 through Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Affordable Cardboard

2022

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“…In the case of pens made of cardboard, there is no study made directly with this material to find its macronutrient content, however if there is an investigation where its NPK content is analyzed by burning it cardboard briquettes to get its ashes, however the result is that its content is lower than required by the standard UNE-EN ISO 16967:2015 [31], to be considered fertilizer [32].…”

Section: A Diagram Of the Use Of Pen As Fertilizer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a new fertilizer material from the shell of the inga feuillei for ecofriendly pens using design thinking

Pejerrey Florian,

Porras Real,

Paredes Alarcón

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the 21th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education and Technology (LACCEI 2023): “Leaders

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The writing is inherent to the human being, initially goose feathers were used with ink or reeds to then move to plastic pens, however they are disposable or easily replaced in the face of some loss due to their low cost, but this attracts an increase in environmental pollution as very few plastics are properly recycled. Today, alternatives have appeared to use eco-friendly materials such as paper, cardboard, coconut shell waste and bamboo, however none of these alternatives is eco-friendly under a circular economy where the manufacturer must consider a significant added value. Therefore, using the innovative product design methodology of Design Thinking, we propose a pen with an ergonomic design with a seed at the tip manufactured with a completely organic material such as fertilizer with good properties in macronutrients such as NPK. The result of this research is that the proposed material requires less energy than its current competition to be effectively used as a fertilizer with a significant result since it does not require to be burned to use as a biocarbon or ash and has high ranges in the macronutrients analyzed in the laboratory, in addition to being completely organic and requiring water to initiate its degradation as compostable material.

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“…The amounts of trace elements released when burning waste paper and corrugated cardboard increases with temperature [78]. When burning paper at 750-950 °C, manganese (68-205 mg/kg of fuel) and lead (38-54 mg/kg o pass into flue gas [78]. In our case, the amount of Mn released into the air was abou as high, with input paper briquettes containing Mn in concentrations up to 520 The combustion in the EC2 and EC3 boiler released Mn in amounts of 300 to 470 of fuel and Pb in amounts of 18 to 20 mg/kg of fuel.…”

Section: Pb Wm CD Bec2 > Bec3 Bec3 > Bec2 Bec2 > Bec3 Bec3 > Bec2 Bec2 > Bec3 Bec3 > Bec2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of printed cartons, the content of other elements of Sn and Sb is also increased in the flue gas [77]. The amounts of trace elements released when burning waste office paper and corrugated cardboard increases with temperature [78]. When burning waste paper at 750-950 • C, manganese (68-205 mg/kg of fuel) and lead (38-54 mg/kg of fuel) pass into flue gas [78].…”

Section: Pb Wm CD Bec2 > Bec3 Bec3 > Bec2 Bec2 > Bec3 Bec3 > Bec2 Bec2 > Bec3 Bec3 > Bec2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Influence of the Fuel Type on Element Behaviour in Domestic Boilers with Respect to the Circular Economy

et al. 2021

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The use of waste from the regional production of waste wood, waste paper, and cardboard in the form of briquettes may be causing an increase in local emissions, both of major elements and trace elements. When burning paper and cardboard briquettes, more than 70% of Mn, Zn, As, and Pb is released into the air from the total content of trace elements in the fuel. The largest amounts of major and trace elements are released when burning paper briquettes (56 g/kg of fuel); half of these amounts are released from burning briquettes from waste wood and coal (23 g/kg of fuel). The pursuit of alternative uses for those cardboard components that are not suitable for recycling cannot be directed to the production of briquettes for residential combustion in the framework of the application of the principles of the circular economy. In particular, the high concentrations of undesirable elements in the emissions released in the gas phase into the atmosphere are an obstacle existing even when the parameters of the PM10 emissions of a boiler are met. This is related to the high ash content of the cardboard (13.5%). Waste paper or cardboard could be added to waste wood at a maximum of 10% to make the pollution produced comparable to the burning of coal briquettes.

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Study of Temperature Fields and Heavy Metal Content in the Ash and Flue Gas Produced by the Combustion of Briquettes Coming from Paper and Cardboard Waste

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

The Hyperproduction of Polyhydroxybutyrate Using Bacillus mycoides ICRI89 through Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Affordable Cardboard

The Hyperproduction of Polyhydroxybutyrate Using Bacillus mycoides ICRI89 through Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Affordable Cardboard

Development of a new fertilizer material from the shell of the inga feuillei for ecofriendly pens using design thinking

An Influence of the Fuel Type on Element Behaviour in Domestic Boilers with Respect to the Circular Economy

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