Study of synthetic complex esters as automotive gear lubricants

Self Cite

Biodegradable esters have been synthesised using Polyols such as 2-methyl-2-n-propyl 1,3-propane diol, 2,2-di methyl 1,3-propane diol, 1,1,1-[tris] hydroxyl methyl propane, 1,1,1-[tris] hydroxyl methyl ethane and carboxylic acids (C6-C12) both pure and their mixtures with indigenous ion exchange resin (Indion-130) catalyst. The products were characterised for their physico-chemical properties and were evaluated for their lubrication performance. These were then compared with VG-22 grade fi re resistant hydraulic fl uids (FRHFs).The products were found to have good potential for use as a base stock for formulations as FRHF of VG-22 grade.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of synthesised ecofriendly and biodegradable esters: fire resistance and lubricating properties

Nagendramma¹,

Kaul²,

Bisht³

2010

Self Cite

“…Pentaerythritol tetraoleate is used as a main component in the manufacture of fire‐resistant hydraulic fluids, engine oils, and oils used in metalworking processes . Pentaerythritol esters of fatty acids can be also used as plasticizers and as one of component in cosmetic formulations …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,20 Pentaerythritol tetraoleate is used as a main component in the manufacture of fire-resistant hydraulic fluids, engine oils, and oils used in metalworking processes. [21][22][23][24][25][26] Pentaerythritol esters of fatty acids can be also used as plasticizers and as one of component in cosmetic formulations. [27][28][29][30] The common synthetic method of the synthesis of polyol fatty acid esters is the direct esterification of fatty acids in the presence of acid catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological characterisation of plant oil derived fatty acid esters of higher polyols: Comparative experimental study

Nowicki

Drabik

Woszczyński

et al. 2019

In this paper, we present the study on the synthesis, physico‐chemical, and tribological characterisation of selected plant‐derived fatty acids esters of higher polyols. We described here more effective method synthesis of desired esters with high yields and high selectivities. In our novel and improved synthesis protocol, we applied homogeneous Sn catalysts. Physico‐chemical characterisation and lubricating properties of synthesised esters have been determined and discussed. Our results showed that the synthesised esters are characterised by excellent viscosity, good low temperature, and lubrication properties. High thermal resistance is the main benefit of synthesised esters. For fatty acid esters of trimethylolpropane dimer, onset temperatures are around 400°C and decomposition temperatures above 460°C, which makes these esters applicable in higher temperature.

“…After World War II, the development of high-performing ester base fluids were closely linked to the development of aviation gas turbines. 2 Synthetic esters with their good lubrication and biodegradable, 3 non-toxic properties [4][5][6] offer an attractive option. For example, trimethylol propane (abbreviated as TMP) esters show excellent thermal stabilities, good friction-reducing properties and acceptable anti-wear properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, phenolic antioxidative group was introducted into synthetic esters via esterification. 3,17 Compared with traditional esters and other antioxidants, the esters synthesised in this paper have a distinct advantage: they are not only used as lubricating base oils but also used as effective antioxidants for lubricant additive. That means these ester oils have antioxidants themselves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterisation of antioxidant‐modified esters of dipentaerythritol as lubricating base oil

Zhang

Cai

Wang

et al. 2012

In this paper, five antioxidant‐modified esters were synthesised through two steps of simple esterification. Antioxidant‐modified multi‐hydroxyl compound was synthesised at the first step, and antioxidant‐modified esters were synthesised at the second step. This kind of esters is useful in many fields, such as lubricating oil and cutting compound, because of two important functions (antioxidant and lubricant) in the same compound. The active antioxidant group attached to these esters was 3‐(3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐hydroxy‐phenyl)‐propionic acid. The esters were characterised with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The analytical results of FTIR demonstrates the changes of alcoholic hydroxyl and carboxyl and suggests that this synthesis was feasible. The TG analysis and rotating pressure vessel method show that this kind of esters has excellent oxidative stability. The physical properties of lubricating base oil, such as viscosity, viscosity index, pour point and flash point, suggested that this kind of esters can be used as lubricating base oil. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.