Study of synthesis, stability and thermo-physical properties of graphene nanoplatelet/platinum hybrid nanofluid

Review on the recent progress in the preparation and stability of graphene-based nanofluids

“…As for instance, acid treatment can improve the dispersible ability of graphene in BF and enhance the TC of GNF [207]. Yarmand et al [147,161] studied the functionalized GNPs-based nanofluids from a simple acid treatment reaction procedure, and the nanofluids were stable for a long time without sedimentation. Vallejo et al [208] investigated the effect of various pH values of GNP nanofluids in propylene glycol-water mixture and observed that the absolute values of zeta potential were higher than 30 mV for samples with pH values above 6.…”

“…It was noted that the combination of silver and graphene in the composite material considerably improved the thermal conductivity of BF and the specific surface area is enhanced. Yarmand et al [147,161] increased the stability of nanofluids by introducing the hydroxyl and carboxyl function groups toward the GNP surface. With the same purpose, Mehrali et al [80] prepared NDG by a hydrothermal process with GO as a raw material [205] SPC + UV-Vis N/A Polymers P19 and P20 [206] ZPT N/A Changing pH [104] SPC + TC~ 7 days N/A [105] TC~ 150 days (5 months) N/A [117] SPC + UV-Vis~ 7 days N/A [118] SPC, UV-Vis, ZPT~ 60 days N/A [115] SPC N/A N/A [114] SPC, UV-Vis, ZPT~ 180 days (6 months) Triton X-100 [113] SPC N/A N/A [112] SPC 24 h N/A [3] SPC, UV-Vis, ZPT 600 h N/A [107] UV-Vis 1 week PVA [123] SPC 7 days N/A [122] ZPT + SPC N/A Modifying pH and tannic acid [121] SPC 2 months Modifying pH [124] SPC 4 days SDBS [129] SPC + UV-Vis 256 h N/A [131] ZPT, PSD, SPC~ 1 month Sodium carboxymethyl celluloses [132] DLS + TC > 2 months (0.005%), few days (> 0.005%)…”

A Review on Hybrid Nanofluid

“…The method also revealed the structure and function of many biological molecules, including vitamins, drugs, proteins and nucleic acids such as DNA. Stability period of different nanofluid in various article are-References Nanofluid Stability period [2] Al2O3-MWCNTs/thermal oil 7 days [4] Sic-TiO2/diathermic oil 10 days [3] Cu-Zn/vegetable oil 03 days [5] MWCNTs-Fe2o3/water 60 days [6] SiO2-graphene/naphthenic mineral oil 14 days [7] Cu-Tio2/water and EG 07 days [8] Al2O3-Cu/ethylene glycol 03 days [11] MWCNTs-ZnO/water and EG 10 days [10] GNPs-Pt/water 22 days [9] TiO2-SiO2/water 14 days…”

A review of nanofluid preparation, stability, and thermo‐physical properties

“…For instance, the presence of surfactants leads to a reduction in the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid . Graphene has very high thermal conductivity and can be dispersed in aqueous media using surfactants . Graphene nano platelets (GNP) have the following features which make it popular: It has several layers of graphene sheets (2 nm thick and 2 μm long). It has excellent thermal conductivity. It has a high‐specific surface area, that is strong van der Waals relation between the layers of GNPs. It is highly ordered graphitic carbon, that is high stability, high mechanical strength, and low cost. It has high electrical conductivity. …”

“…25 Graphene has very high thermal conductivity and can be dispersed in aqueous media using surfactants. [26][27][28] Graphene nano platelets (GNP) have the following features which make it popular:…”