“…This model takes account of heat transfer by radiation, convection and conduction as well as product-water phase change. Lostie et al have conducted studies dedicated to the baking process of a sponge cake batter (Lostie, Peczalski, Andrieu, & Laurent, 2002a, 2002bLostie, Peczalski, & Andrieu, 2004). Recently, a CFD approach was used to predict air temperature and speed proWles inside the baking chamber of an industrial indirect gas-Wred tunnel oven used for biscuit baking (Mirade, Daudin, Ducept, Trystram, & Clément, 2004).…”