Study of some toxicological aspects of Alfa-cypermethrin in rabbits

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the immediate alterations that occur in rabbits after acute toxicity with single oral dose of cypermethrin. Twenty one rabbits were randomly divided into three equal groups: treated groups (A1), (A2) and control group used in this study. Groups (A1), (A2) received orally cypermethrin in dose of (25, 50 mg/kg body weight) respectively, While control group received normal saline at same time. Most obvious clinical sings in the treated groups were Restlessness, salivation, licking of legs and face, frequent urination, muscular tremor, incoordination, and ataxia appeared in dose dependent manner. In addition, significantly increased in respiratory rate and heart rate in treated groups compared with control group and appeared petechial hemorrhage and congestion in the conjunctiva in treated groups. The blood samples were taking to evaluate some of blood parameters includes (RBC counts, WBC counts, PLT counts, Hb concentration, PCV, RBCs indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW -CV and RDW -SD), PDW, MPV, P-LCR and some biochemical study as ALT and AST. Two rabbits from each group were killed to evaluate the histopathological alteration in liver. The statistical analysis revealed that there were significant decreased in RBC counts and Hb concentration (P<0.05) in treated groups (A1), (A2) as compared with control group. The PCV percentage, platelet counts and MCHC values revealed significant decreased (P<0.05) between group (A2) and control group. The RDW-SD, RDW-CV valves were significantly increased (p<0.05) between group (A1) and control group. Other parameter studied did not show significant differences between treated groups and control group. The statistical analysis revealed that the levels of ALT and AST were significantly elevated (P<0.05) in (A1 and A2) groups as compared with control group. In gross appearance there were petechial hemorrhage and erosion of liver parenchyma. Histopathological study revealed that there were engorgement of hepatic vein with presence of extravasated RBCs between the hepatocytes in group (A1), while group (A2) the hepatocytes undergo atrophy and severe necrosis and destruction with infiltration of polymorphnuclear leukocytes and engorgement of some portal trait with bile secretion.