Study of silver ion migration from melt-blended and layered-deposited silver polyethylene nanocomposite into food simulants and apple juice

Abstract

Colloidal silver nanoparticles were prepared via chemical reduction using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a reducing agent, stabiliser and solvent. Silver polyethylene nanocomposites were produced via two methods, namely: melt blending and layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition of silver nanoparticles onto a polyethylene film. The silver ion release from either melt-blended or LBL-deposited nanocomposites into a food simulant and apple juice during 30 days at 4°C and 40°C was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The effects of incorporating or coating of silver nanoparticles, silver concentration, contact media, temperature and time on silver ion migration were evaluated using factorial design. The diffusion coefficients of silver ions into the food simulants and apple juice were calculated using the Miltz model. The results indicated that the production method of nanocomposite, silver concentration, temperature, time and contact media showed a significant effect (p < 0.05) on silver ion migration. The quantity of silver ion migration from the nanocomposites into the food simulants and apple juice was less than the cytotoxicity-level concentration (10 mg kg(-1)) in all cases over 30 days. The coating of silver nanoparticles, higher silver concentration in the nanocomposite, higher temperature and acidic property of contact liquid all promoted the silver ion release from the nanocomposite films. The migration of silver ions from nanocomposites obeyed first-order diffusion kinetics.

Effects of nanoparticle ratio on structural, migration properties of polypropylene films and preservation quality of lemon juice

“…Many researchers have reported that the antimicrobial action of nanosilver is caused by the release of silver ions from the surface of particles (Bott et al, 2014;Busolo, Fernandez, Ocio, & Lagaron, 2010;Cushen et al, 2013;de Azeredo, 2013;Jokar & Rahman, 2014). Espitia et al (2012) reported that the antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles is attributed to several mechanisms including the release of antimicrobial ions, the interaction of nanoparticles with microorganisms, which subsequently damages the integrity of bacterial cells, and the formation of reactive oxygen species through the effect of light radiation.…”

Six open questions about the migration of engineered nano-objects from polymer-based food-contact materials: a review

“…The fraction of nanoparticulate Ag in relation to the total migrated Ag ranged from below 1% to 69% (Echegoyen & Nerín 2013;von Goetz et al 2013;Ramos et al 2016). Several studies on AgNP-containing polymers did not examine if the observed migration of Ag was due to migration of AgNPs (e.g., Busolo et al 2010;Emamifar et al 2010;Song et al 2011;Bott et al 2014b;Jokar & Abdul Rahman 2014). Only one experimental study that applied a method to detect ENOs (transmission electron microscopy -TEM) described the absence of AgNPs in migrates from AgNP-containing polymer (Ntim et al 2015).…”

“…The large body of literature evidenced dissolution of metal-containing nanoparticles, like Ag (Table 1) and zinc oxide nanoparticles, into ions from FCMs into food/food simulants (Kumar et al 2005;Song et al 2011;Jokar & Abdul Rahman 2014;Ntim et al 2015). Dissolution rate depends on redox potential and surface functionalisation of the ENO as well as ionic strength, temperature and dissolved oxygen level of the surrounding medium.…”

Effect of nano‐TiO2‐LDPE packaging on microbiological and physicochemical quality of Pacific white shrimp during chilled storage

“…The conformity of biodegradable starch/clay nanocomposite films with 4% nanoclay with actual regulations and European directives on biodegradable materials was verified by migration tests and by putting the films into contact with vegetables and simulants (Avella et al ., ). The quantity of silver ion migration from the nanocomposites into the food simulants and apple juice was less than the cytotoxicity level concentration in all cases over 30 days (Jokar & Rahman, ). Therefore, conditions of migration test should be as close to their intended use as possible, while maintaining storage time and temperature consistent with consumer practices and different processing treatments.…”