Study of serum calcium and trace elements in chronic cholelithiasis

Verma, Geetika; Pandey, Ajay Kumar; Bose, Shashank M.; Prasad, Rajendra

doi:10.1046/j.1445-2197.2002.02485.x

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This result is comparable with previous studies [10]. Chloride ions are always present in biological fluids in human beings including the bile, which might get deposited in the form of sodium chloride salt along with major salts of the gallstones [24].…”

Section: Chloridesupporting

confidence: 92%

Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) Analysis of Minor and Trace Elements in Gallstones of Nigerian Patients

Alatise

Obiajunwa

Lawal

et al. 2009

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Gallstone disease is a major health problem in many parts of the world. In Nigeria, however, only a few cases of gallstone disease are reported. Minor/trace elements are reported to play a significant role in the formation of gallstones. This study was conducted to assess the minor elements in gallstone of Nigerian patients who had cholecystectomy in our institution using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique. We also compare the findings with previous reports from outside Nigeria. Fourteen patients who had cholecystectomy for calculous cholecystitis at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, between March 2006 and July 2008, had the stone retrieved. The stones were analyzed for trace elements at the Center for Energy Research and Developments of the University using PIXE experiments. Certified standard reference material, NIST 1577a (bovine liver), was equally analyzed to confirm the accuracy of the experimental procedure. Computer code GUPIXWIN was used to analyze the data. Fourteen elements, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, bromide, lead, titanium, rubidium, and strontium, were detected in most of the samples. The concentrations of the elements varied in the different samples, ranging from a few parts per million to a few percent. Ca was the major constituent of all samples. The black sand-like samples had very high levels of P, S, K, and Pb, which were different from a previous report. The distribution of trace elements in stones in Nigeria patients is different from previous report outside Nigeria, and this may have some role in the occurrence of gallstones in the black African.

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Section: Chloridesupporting

confidence: 92%

Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) Analysis of Minor and Trace Elements in Gallstones of Nigerian Patients

Alatise

Obiajunwa

Lawal

et al. 2009

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…It has been reported that zinc salts that flocculate at physiological pH adsorb unconjugated bilirubin almost completely from unsaturated micellar bile salts solutions, which in turn favor the precipitation of unconjugated bilirubin [19]. Higher biliary calcium and trace elements as well as a defective pH of gallbladder bile in patients with chronic cholelithiasis could be the underlying factor in the pathogenesis of gallstones [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiological Conditions in Cholelithiasis Formation in North Indian Population: Spectroscopic, Biophysical, and Biochemical Study

Kaur

2010

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Knowledge of the chemical, structural, and elemental composition of gallstones is essential for etiopathogenesis of gallstone disease. To identify the predisposing factors for gallstone formation, X-ray diffraction powder analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and various biochemical estimations were carried out. In the present study, trace elemental analysis revealed calcium as the major constituent element in addition to the iron, magnesium, and zinc in the majority of the gallstones. Patients with gallstones exhibited increased serum total bilirubin and conjugated bilirubin levels and liver function parameters (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase). In patients with gallstones, higher concentrations of malondialdehyde, significantly higher glutathione disulfide/glutathione (GSH) ratio, reduced total GSH levels, and significantly decreased antioxidant enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were found than in patients without gallstones. Further studies are needed to establish whether the observed differences are a cause or an effect of gallstone formation. Such studies could ultimately result in the development of new strategies for the treatment of gallstones and might provide clues for prevention of gallstones formation.

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“…Saad Muhmood Hussain 1 *, Karim Alwan Al-Jashamy 2 with dietary habits and ethnicity (Pundir et al, 2001;Verma et al, 2002;Chandran et al, 2007). Other studies have shown that dietary intake of total calories in the form of carbohydrates and fats were associated with high triglyceride levels in gallstone patients (Lee et al, 2012).…”

Section: Determination Of Chemical Composition Of Gallbladder Stones mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Chemical Composition of Gallbladder Stones and their Association with Induction of Cholangiocarcinoma

Hussain

Al-Jashamy²

2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Gallstone disease is a major surgical problem in many populations; it is probably related to diet, especially excessive consumption of meat. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition of gallstones and their association with neoplastic changes including cholangiocarcinomas in cholecystectomised patients. The chemical composition of gallstones from 40 patients (8 males and 32 females) was analyzed. This is a prospective study performed in Baquba teaching hospital in the period from 1/10/2012 to 1/1/2013 in which we collected the gallstones for the patients who underwent cholecystectomy, whether open or laparoscopic. The stones were classified according to their chemical composition as a mixed stones (MS), and examined using a stone analysis set (chemical qualitative method) for calcium, magnesium, phosphate, uric acid and oxalate which was used reagent for qualitative determination of main individual components of stones. The results of this study showed the highest incidence of gallstones in the age group 40-49 was 13 cases followed by 11, 8 and 4 cases for age groups 30-39, 50-59, 20-29 and 60 and above, respectively. The chemical analysis showed the majority of gallstones were mixed, 38 containing calcium followed by 37 cases with uric acid, 28 with magnesium, and 25 and 22 stones with oxalate and phosphate, respectively. Microscopically, we confirmed neoplastic changes (17.5%) as cholangiocarcinomas (CCCs) (7.55%) and dysplastic cells of carcinoma in situ in 4 (10%), 31 (77.5%) cases were chronic cholecystitis and 2 (5%) cases were acute cholecystitis with empyema out of bile duct disorders patients. In conclusion, majority of cases had mixed gallstones that involved five and four of inorganic chemicals of calcium, magnesium and phosphate, the highest incidence of gallstones in age group 40-49 years old was 13 cases, and neoplastic changes were confirmed (17.5%) including CCCs, (7.5%) and dysplastic cells of carcinoma in situ (10%), while 31 (77.5%) cases were chronic cholecystitis.

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Study of serum calcium and trace elements in chronic cholelithiasis

Abstract: Higher biliary calcium and trace elements as well as a defective pH of gall bladder bile in patients with chronic cholelithiasis could be the underlying factor in the pathogenesis of gallstones.

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) Analysis of Minor and Trace Elements in Gallstones of Nigerian Patients

Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) Analysis of Minor and Trace Elements in Gallstones of Nigerian Patients

Pathophysiological Conditions in Cholelithiasis Formation in North Indian Population: Spectroscopic, Biophysical, and Biochemical Study

Determination of Chemical Composition of Gallbladder Stones and their Association with Induction of Cholangiocarcinoma

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