Study of retention variability on an early growth stage herbaceous plant using a 3D virtual spraying model

Abstract

A model predicting the spray droplet interception and retention by a single virtual plant has been developed. The model was based on three main experimental inputs: the 3D architecture of a barley plant, the spray quality and the droplet impact behavior. Two contrasted formulation scenarios, limits of the common range covered by pesticide application in terms of surface tension, were tested by changing the droplet behavior at impact in the model. Simulations were undertaken for studying the variability of spray retention resulting from spray quality, applied volume and plant size for a difficult-to-treat target. Results showed that the spray retention efficiency ranged from 6.8% to 96.6% of a theoretical full adhesion scenario, where all intercepted droplets were captured, according to spray quality for the two formulation scenarios tested. Average retention increased with increasing spray fineness, applied volume per hectare and plant size. Variability of deposits, evaluated using the coefficient of variation of simulated retentions, was found to be a function of the mean droplet density according to CVα , where CV is the coefficient of variation and N the number of droplet per square centimeter. Variability was also found to be a function of the plant size according to a relation CV α S -0.5 , where S is the total leaf area of the plant model. The variability of deposits increased with decreasing spray fineness, applied volume per hectare and plant size because of the reduced number of droplets contributing to retention. Wetting properties greatly influenced retention but surprisingly poorly influenced the variability of deposits. Such a modeling approach that is capable of an independent investigation of the influence of various parameters on spray retention can be used to improve understanding of application methods and adjuvants that could help minimizing development of resistance in problematic weed species.

Spray droplet impaction outcomes for different plant species and spray formulations

“…These primarily include spray nozzle kind and size, the volume applied per hectare, and the formulation (Matthews, 2008;Spillman, 1984). Some plant characteristics can also lessen retention of spray by the foliage, namely plant and leaf size (Dorr et al, 2014;Massinon and Lebeau, 2013), vertical architecture (Massinon et al, 2015) and the low or variable wettability of their leaf surfaces (Gaskin et al, 2005). The spray parameters must therefore be tailored and optimized to maximize foliar retention and coverage.…”

Overview of 3D Technology Applications in Plants: Phenomic, Mapping with Robotic Systems, Architectural Designs, Plant and Animal Tissue Culture Approaches

“…Elde edile bilgilerin ışığında oluşturulan matematiksel ve fiziksel modellerle, meyve ağaçlarına uygulanan pestisit dozu azaltılabileceği gibi farklı sprey tekniklerinin gerekli olup olmadığına da kolaylıkla karar verilebilmektedir. Bu şekilde gerçekleştirilen optimizasyonlar ile üreticilerin bilinçli uygulamalar yapması sağlanarak, örneğin, kullanılan kimyasalların azaltılması sonucu ekonomik ve çevresel yararlar elde edilmektedir [39,40].…”

A multidimensional model for green building assessment: A case study of a highest-rated project in Chongqing

“…Generally, the larger the CV value is, the greater the variability is in the data [37]. It has won its advantages in cross concept analysis and been widely applied in biomedicine, environmental analysis, manufacturing, dynamics study and many other fields [38][39][40][41][42][43]. The traditional analysis based on standard deviation (SD) reflects the degree of fluctuation of a random variable.…”