Study of renal function test in asphyxiated newborns and their outcome

Abstract

Introduction: There is a high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among asphyxiated term. AKI manifests by changes in urine output and blood chemistries & can have serious clinical consequences. Oliguria has been reported in higher number of neonates affecting nearly 25%-70% babies. Methodology: This study was undertaken to study renal failure in asphyxiated neonates. This is a prospective case controlled study done over a period of two years. Various clinical, biochemical and radiographic parameters pertaining to renal injury among asphyxiated neonates were studied. Results: About 64 asphyxiated newborns were studied. Majority (53.12%) was term weighing between 2.5-3 kg & most of them were in HIE-2 grade (43.75%). Oliguria was mostly noted among HIE-3 (31.57%). Birth asphyxia and subsequent acute renal failure was more in babies delivered vaginally. Biochemical parameters also showed correlation with the severity of asphyxia. Premature babies were more prone to develop renal failure secondary to asphyxia. Mortality was directly related to severity of perinatal asphyxia and presence of oliguria. Conclusion: The incidence of acute renal failure due to perinatal asphyxia was high. Incidence with oliguria was high in severe asphyxia. Prevention of asphyxia & prompt management of morbidities like ARF can improve the outcome of perinatal asphyxia.

Acute Renal Failure in Newborns with Birth Asphyxia

“…Percentage of acute renal failure increased as the HIE Grade increased, which was statistically significant (p = 0.00). Similar to the study by Chetty et al where 55% newborns in HIE Grade I, 88% in HIE Grade II and 100% in HIE Grade III had acute renal failure which was statistically significant (p<0.001) 15 The result is also consistent with the study by Murmu et al 16 Babies with higher grade of HIE had higher incidence of acute renal failure secondary to birth asphyxia.…”