Study of Relation of Etiology and Complications of Pseudocyst of Pancreas

Abstract

Pancreatic pseudocysts constitute in 5-15% of patients who have peripancreatic fluid collections after acute pancreatitis. By definition, the capsule of a pseudocyst is composed of collagen and granulation tissue and it is not lined by epithelium.The fibrotic reaction typically requires atleast 4-8 weeks to develop. Most common causes are gall stones, alcohol, metabolic disorders,etc.50 % cases will be symptomatic. Spontaneous regression is seen in up to 70% of cases. Complications of pseudocyst include infection,rupture of cyst causing pancreatic ascites and pancreaticopleural fistula and haemorrhage into the cyst. AIM: To evaluate any correlation between different types of etiology and complications arising in pseudocyst of pancreas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is prospective study conducted over a period of 2 years from 1 st January 2012 to 31 st December 2014.The study included 40 patients treated in a tertiary care hospital.Detailed histories were taken, thorough clinical examinations done and patients were subjected to available diagnostic modalities. They were treated with conservative management, external drainage and internal drainage depending on the presentation. Follow up for a period of 6 months to 1 year was done after the treatment to check for recurrence and development of complications. Relation between the etiology and complications of pseudocyst were studied. RESULTS: In 67.5% cases alcohol was the etiological factor,27.5% cases were due to gall stones. Complications were seen in 30% cases of which infection is the most common. Complications were seen irrespective of etiology. CONCLUSION: Complications in pseudocyst of pancreas occur irrespective of its etiology.