Study of pyrolysis and incineration of disposable plastics using combined TG/FT-IR technique

Bhandare, Prashant; Lee, B. K.; Krishnan, K.

doi:10.1007/bf01987458

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This statement stems from the difficulties with post−consumer disposal. Although PET products do not present a direct threat to the environment, they pose a problem of considerable concern due to the huge amount of solid waste produced [2]. The disposal of this waste together with its low bio− and photo−degradability, represents a serious challenge for industrial countries world-wide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…considerable amounts of solid waste) and technological reasons (the need to reduce the original raw material consumption). Both incineration and chemical reutilisation techniques produce: (i) gaseous products that could pose potential health hazards and, therefore, need to be treated carefully; and (ii) residual solid products, which require further disposal [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Textural development and hydrogen adsorption of carbon materials from PET waste

Parra¹,

Ania²,

Arenillas³

et al. 2004

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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Polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) has become one of the major post-consumer plastic wastes. PET products present a problem of considerable concern due to the huge amount of solid waste produced. The disposal of this waste, together with its low bio-and photo−degradability represents a serious challenge for industrial countries all over the world. Pyrolysis could provide an alternative and economically viable route for processing PET waste due to the potential uses of different by-products: energy from the pyrolysis gases (58% yield in this work), recovery of terephthalic acid and other subproducts (20%), and a solid residue (22%), which has shown a high textural development after activation. The pyrolysis of PET waste was performed in a quartz reactor (i.d. 35 mm) under an inert atmosphere. Further activation was carried out at a temperature of 925 • C, with a flow rate of 10 ml min −1 of CO 2 . A series of carbon materials with different burn-off degrees was obtained. Textural characterisation of the samples was carried out by performing N 2 adsorption isotherms at −196 • C. Changes in the morphological and structural properties of chars were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The carbons obtained were isotropic and highly microporous materials with apparent BET surface areas of up to 2500 m 2 g −1 . The suitability of the samples for hydrogen storage was studied by performing H 2 adsorption measurements in the 0-1 bar pressure range. Adsorption-desorption experiments showed that reversible physisorption takes place in all the samples. The hydrogen adsorption capacities of the activated PET waste compare favourably well with those attained with high-value carbon materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textural development and hydrogen adsorption of carbon materials from PET waste

Parra¹,

Ania²,

Arenillas³

et al. 2004

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…High temperature incineration might cause hazardous emissions, 4 and co-incineration is controlled by strict emission standards as, for example, those set by the European Union Hazardous Waste Incineration Directive. 5 Pyrolysis is one of the most promising methods for recovering material and energy from PSW, because only ϳ5% of the PSW energy content is used in the endothermic cracking process, as shown in Table 1: the heat required for PET pyrolysis is 214 kJ kg Ϫ1 only, ϳ5% of the calorific value of PET.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Cracking of Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate to Chemicals and Energy

Brems

Baeyens

Vandecasteele

et al. 2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

124

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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a widely used thermoplastic. PET residues represent on average 7.6 wt% of the different polymer wastes in Europe. Pyrolysis of these wastes is attracting increasing interest, and PET is a potential candidate for this thermal process. The paper measures and discusses the kinetics of the pyrolysis reaction in terms of the reaction rate constants as determined by dynamic thermogravimetric analysis, with special emphasis on the required heating rate to obtain relevant results. The product yields and compositions are also determined. Gaseous products represent 16 -18 wt%. The amounts of condensables and carbonaceous residue are a function of the operating mode, with slow pyrolysis producing up to 24 wt% of carbonaceous residue. Major condensable components are benzoic acid, monovinyl terephthalate, divinyl terephthalate, vinyl benzoate, and benzene. The present paper complements previous literature findings by (1) the study of the influence of the heating rate on the reaction kinetics in dynamic pyrolysis tests, (2) the isothermal investigation in a fluidized bed reactor to pyrolyze PET, and (3) the assessment of upgrading and recovery of the products. The paper concludes with a proposed reactor recommendation for PET pyrolysis, in either the bubbling or circulating fluidized bed operating mode.

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“…Thermal analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis of evolved gases may be advantageously used for the characterization of gaseous products formed in thermal degradation processes, i.e., combustion or pyrolysis (Bhandare, Lee, & Krishnan, 1997;Materazzi & Curini, 2001;Pitkanen, Huttenen, Halttunen, & Vesterinen, 1999;Zanier, 1999). Fig.…”

Section: Analysis Of Gaseous Products By Tg-ftir Techniquementioning

confidence: 98%