Study of programmed co-precipitation of aluminum doped zinc oxide for high precision design of gas analytical units

Multioxide combinatorial libraries: fusing synthetic approaches and additive technologies for highly orthogonal electronic noses

“…A programmed co-precipitation was applied for the synthesis of Al 2 O 3 -ZnO materials, 0.5 to 5.0 at% Al and ZrO 2 -ZnO, 1.5 mol% ZrO 2 and Gd 2 O 3 -ZnO, 0.5 at% Gd. 45,46 In a typical experiment, a 5% aqueous solution of ammonia hydrate was added to an aqueous solution of zinc and aluminum nitrates, gadolinium nitrate or zirconium oxychloride at a given rate: 2.5 and 5.0 ml min −1 for ZnO-x%Al, 3.5 ml min −1 for ZnO-0.5%Gd, and 80 ml min −1 for ZnO-1.5%Zr, in automatic mode, until pH near 8 was reached. The temperature of the reaction system was maintained at 20, 25, or 50 °C.…”

“…[42][43][44] Automating component mixing with simultaneous control of parameters such as pH level and temperature can significantly improve the reproducibility and accuracy of the overall synthesis process. 45,46 Sol-gel technology, an actively developing liquid-phase method, supports material tuning at the transition stage, 47 including the implementation of controlled hydrolysis of organometallic compounds of complex composition. 48,49 The hydrothermal method enables the synthesis of nanomaterials that are characterized by anisotropic or hierarchically organized microstructures, formed at temperatures and pressures above atmospheric levels.…”

Hollow-Out Fe2O3-Loaded NiO Heterojunction Nanorods Enable Real-Time Exhaled Ethanol Monitoring under High Humidity

“…Recently, there have been some work on the detection of ethanol in breath by gas sensors based on MOSs. 10,11 However, high humidity in the breath affects the performance and detection accuracy of the sensors.…”

“…The chemiresistive gas sensors based on nanostructured metal oxide semiconductors (MOSs) have the advantages of low manufacturing cost, small size, and long life, making them easy to integrate into portable breath detection systems. Recently, there have been some work on the detection of ethanol in breath by gas sensors based on MOSs. , However, high humidity in the breath affects the performance and detection accuracy of the sensors.…”

Microextrusion Printing of Hierarchically Structured Thick V2O5 Film with Independent from Humidity Sensing Response to Benzene

“…These things considered, all the above-mentioned approaches possess drawbacks upon deposition of films with areas of different composition or properties, which can be necessary for the preparation of sensitive gas sensors of “electronic olfaction” unit type [ 37 ] or multicolor electrochromic displays: in order to obtain such films by using the enumerated techniques, masking a part of the surface is required, which constitutes an additional step that makes the deposition process more complicated and potentially influences the properties of already deposited oxides. Printing technologies, such as pen plotter [ 38 , 39 ], ink-jet [ 40 , 41 , 42 ], microplotter [ 37 ], and aerosol [ 43 ], allow avoiding this drawback while possessing simplicity and potential for combination with various synthesis approaches, such as sol-gel technology [ 37 , 41 ], hydrothermal synthesis [ 44 , 45 ], etc. In addition to the already mentioned printing techniques, there is a number of others, among which we dedicate special attention to microextrusion printing [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ].…”