Study of pressure effects on laser induced plasma in bulk seawater

Hou, Haiyun; Tian, Ye; Li, Ying; Zheng, Ronger

doi:10.1039/c3ja50244a

Cited by 68 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, studies at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution demonstrated for the first time, that with an appropriate setup, narrow spectral lines can be observed from plasmas generated directly in bulk ionic solutions at high pressures of up to 30 MPa using a conventional single-pulse Michel and Chave, 2008a). Similar results have also been reported independently by our group (Masamura et al, 2011) and the Ocean University of China (Hou et al, 2014). In Thornton and Ura (2011), the authors further demonstrated that narrow spectra can be observed from water immersed solids using a single-pulse with no significant effect of pressure up to 30 MPa.…”

Section: Underwater Libs At High Pressuresupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Na and Ca also show sufficient contrast in concentration compared to seawater to expect discrimination by LIBS. While Mn and B also show contrast in concentration between the different samples, the levels of concentrations are significantly smaller than the detection limits reported for transition metals and metalloids in bulk fluids (Cremers et al, 1984;Hou et al, 2014). Fig.…”

Section: Seawatermentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Detection limits in the region of 10 to 250 μmol/kg were achieved for Group I and Group II elements, whereas the detection limits for transition metal elements were in the region of 5 to 50 mmol/kg (Cremers et al, 1984;Michel et al, 2007;Hou et al, 2014). While higher sensitivity has been demonstrated for measurements of water surfaces, droplets or films (Fichet et al, 2001(Fichet et al, , 2003Arca et al, 1997;Samek et al, 2000;Wachter and Cremers, 1987;Huang et al, 2004;Lo and Cheung, 2002;St-Onge et al, 2004), these methods are not applicable since the application considered here requires measurement of bulk liquids.…”

Section: Seawatermentioning

confidence: 81%

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Development of a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for in situ multi-element chemical analysis

Thornton

Takahashi

Sato

et al. 2015

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

160

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a b s t r a c tSpectroscopy is emerging as a technique that can expand the envelope of modern oceanographic sensors. The selectivity of spectroscopic techniques enables a single instrument to measure multiple components of the marine environment and can form the basis for versatile tools to perform in situ geochemical analysis. We have developed a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer (ChemiCam) and successfully deployed the instrument from a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to perform in situ multi-element analysis of both seawater and mineral deposits at depths of over 1000 m. The instrument consists of a long-nanosecond duration pulse-laser, a spectrometer and a high-speed camera. Power supply, instrument control and signal telemetry are provided through a ROV tether. The instrument has two modes of operation. In the first mode, the laser is focused directly into seawater and spectroscopic measurements of seawater composition are performed. In the second mode, a fiberoptic cable assembly is used to make spectroscopic measurements of mineral deposits. In this mode the laser is fired through a 4 m long fiber-optic cable and is focused onto the target's surface using an optical head and a linear stage that can be held by a ROV manipulator. In this paper, we describe the instrument and the methods developed to process its measurements. Exemplary measurements of both seawater and mineral deposits made during deployments of the device at an active hydrothermal vent field in the Okinawa trough are presented. Through integration with platforms such as underwater vehicles, drilling systems and subsea observatories, it is hoped that this technology can contribute to more efficient scientific surveys of the deep-sea environment.

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Section: Underwater Libs At High Pressuresupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Seawatermentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Seawatermentioning

confidence: 81%

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Development of a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for in situ multi-element chemical analysis

Thornton

Takahashi

Sato

et al. 2015

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…28 Recently Hou et al investigated the effect of pressure on LIBS in natural seawater, and found that the intensity of K, Ca, and Mg emission lines rises with increasing pressure up to 150 bar, and then decreases up to 400 bar. 27 They also showed that line widths significantly broaden due to the high surrounding pressure.…”

Section: High-pressure Dissolved Comentioning

confidence: 96%

“…These studies have demonstrated LIBS for analysis of bulk solutions at pressures up to 300-400 bar, but several phenomena are not yet fully understood. [26][27][28][29][30][31] For example, these studies indicate that the emission intensities for some elements are affected by pressure changes, whereas others are not. Lawrence-Snyder et al, showed that pressure has minor effects on the intensity of a Li I 670 nm emission line, but large effects on the emission linewidth at late-stage plasma evolution.…”

Section: High-pressure Dissolved Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy sensor to assess groundwater quality impacts resulting from geologic carbon sequestration

et al. 2015

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The injection of CO 2 into deep aquifers can potentially affect the quality of groundwater supplies were leakage to occur from the injection formation or fluids. Therefore, the detection of CO 2 and/or entrained contaminants that migrate into shallow groundwater aquifers is important both to assess storage permanence and to evaluate impacts on water resources. Naturally occurring elements (i.e., Li, Sr) in conjunction with isotope ratios can be used to detect such leakage. We propose the use of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as an analytical technique to detect a suite of elements in water samples. LIBS has real time monitoring capabilities and can be applied for elemental and isotopic analysis of solid, liquid, and gas samples. The flexibility of probe design and use of fiber optics make it a suitable technique for real time measurements in harsh conditions and in hard to reach places. The laboratory scale experiments to measure Li, K, Ca, and Sr composition of water samples indicate that the technique produces rapid and reliable data. Since CO 2 leakage from saline aquifers may accompany a brine solution, we studied the effect of sodium salts on the accuracy of LIBS analysis. This work specifically also details the fabrication and application of a miniature ruggedized remotely operated diode pumped solid state passively Q-switched laser system for use as the plasma excitation source for a real time LIBS analysis. This work also proposes the optical distribution of many laser spark sources across a wide area for widespread leak detection and basin monitoring.

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LIBS Analysis of Metals Under Extreme Conditions

Abdel-Harith

El‐Saeid

2023

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

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Study of pressure effects on laser induced plasma in bulk seawater

Cited by 68 publications

References 39 publications

Development of a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for in situ multi-element chemical analysis

Development of a deep-sea laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for in situ multi-element chemical analysis

Development of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy sensor to assess groundwater quality impacts resulting from geologic carbon sequestration

LIBS Analysis of Metals Under Extreme Conditions

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